仕つかまつ

仕つかまつ U+4ED5, 仕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4ED5 ← 仔こ [U+4ED4] CJK Unified Ideographs 他た → [U+4ED6]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

仕つかまつ (Kangxi radical 9, 人ひと+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人ひと土ど (OG), four-corner 2421₀, composition ⿰亻士し)

Derived characters

• 茌

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 92, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 368
• Dae Jaweon: page 195, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 112, character 3
• Unihan data for U+4ED5

Chinese

simp. and trad.		仕つかまつ

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 仕つかまつ
Bronze inscriptions b12243 Small seal script s05662 Transcribed ancient scripts L34132 L34133
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (士し) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
茌	*zrɯ
士し	*zrɯʔ
仕つかまつ	*zrɯʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *zrɯʔ) and ideogrammic compound (會意かいい／会意かいい) : semantic ⺅ (“person”) + phonetic 士し (OC *zrɯʔ, “a person engaged in an official position”). It is mainly used as a verb meaning "to serve."

Etymology 1

See 士し "servant, retainer, officer, scholar, gentleman"

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shì (shi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): si⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shì
    • Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
    • Wade–Giles: shih⁴
    • Yale: shr̀
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
    • Palladius: ши (ši)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: si⁶
    • Yale: sih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: si⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: xi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː²²/

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• Middle Chinese: dzriX

Rime
Character	仕つかまつ
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	崇たかし (20)
Final (韻いん)	之これ (19)
Tone (調しらべ)	Rising (X)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	III
Fanqie	鉏里さと切きり
Baxter	dzriX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʒɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖ͡ʐɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʒieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖ͡ʐɨX/
Li Rong	/d͡ʒiəX/
Wang Li	/d͡ʒĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɖ͡ʐʱiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[m-s-]rəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*zrɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	仕つかまつ
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzriX ›
Old Chinese	/*[m-s-]rəʔ/
English	serve
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	仕つかまつ
Reading #	1/1
No.	11512
Phonetic component	士し
Rime group	之これ
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	士し
Old Chinese	/*zrɯʔ/

Definitions

仕つかまつ

1. scholar; official; guardian

   • 有ゆう仕つかまつ於此，而子こ悅えつ之これ，不ふ告つげ於王おう而私わたし與あずか之これ吾子あご之これ祿ろく爵；夫おっと仕つかまつ也，亦また無む王命おうめい而私わたし受之これ於子こ，則のり可か乎？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     有ゆう仕つかまつ于此，而子こ悦えつ之これ，不ふ告つげ于王おう而私わたし与あずか之これ吾子あご之これ禄ろく爵；夫おっと仕つかまつ也，亦また无王命おうめい而私わたし受之これ于子こ，则可か乎？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Yǒu shì yú cǐ, ér zǐ yuè zhī, bùgào yú wáng ér sī yǔ zhī wúzǐ zhī lùjué; fú shì yě, yì wú wángmìng ér sī shòu zhī yú zǐ, zé kě hū? [Pinyin]

     Suppose there were an officer here, with whom you, Sir, were pleased, and that, without informing the king, you were privately to give to him your salary and rank; and suppose that this officer, also without the king's orders, were privately to receive them from you - would such a transaction be allowable?

2. to serve in the government

   • 士し之これ仕つかまつ也，猶なお農夫のうふ之これ耕こう也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     士し之これ仕つかまつ也，犹农夫之これ耕こう也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Shì zhī shì yě, yóu nóngfū zhī gēng yě. [Pinyin]

     An officer's being in office is like the ploughing of a husbandman.

3. (xiangqi) adviser; guard; minister: 🩡 (on the red side)
4. a surname

Coordinate terms

• (Chinese chess pieces) 帥そち／帅 (shuài) / 將はた／将はた, 仕つかまつ (shì) / 士し (shì), 相そう / 象ぞう (xiàng), 俥／伡 / 車くるま／车, 傌 / 㐷 / 馬うま／马 (mǎ), 炮 / 砲ほう／炮, 兵へい (bīng) / 卒そつ

Compounds

• 不ふ仕つかまつ (bùshì)
• 仕つかまつ女おんな (shìnǚ)
• 仕つかまつ宦 (shìhuàn)
• 仕つかまつ版ばん
• 仕つかまつ紳しん／仕つかまつ绅
• 仕譯しわけ／仕つかまつ译
• 仕つかまつ途と (shìtú)
• 仕つかまつ進すすむ／仕つかまつ进
• 出仕しゅっし (chūshì)
• 學がく優ゆう而仕／学がく优而仕つかまつ (xuéyōu'érshì)
• 將はた仕つかまつ郎ろう／将はた仕つかまつ郎ろう
• 干ひ仕つかまつ
• 強つよ仕つかまつ／强つよ仕つかまつ
• 懸かか車くるま致仕ちし／悬车致仕ちし
• 求もとめ仕つかまつ (qiúshì)
• 筮仕 (shìshì)
• 膴仕／𰮇仕つかまつ
• 致仕ちし (zhìshì)
• 貴き仕つかまつ／贵仕

 

Etymology 2

From 亻 (denoting one octave lower in Cantonese opera) + 士し (si⁶).

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): si⁶

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: si⁶
    • Yale: sih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: si⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: xi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː²²/

Definitions

仕つかまつ

1. (music) Cantonese opera gongche notation for the note an octave below low la (6̣̣).

   Synonym: 𪛘 (sì) (Kunqu)

Japanese

Kanji

仕つかまつ

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: じ (ji, Jōyō ^†)
• Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kun: つかえる (tsukaeru, 仕つかえる, Jōyō)^{←つかへる (tukaferu, 仕つかまつへる, historical)}、つかまつる (tsukamatsuru, 仕つかまつる)、つこうまつる (tsukōmatsuru, 仕つかまつる)
• Nanori: つこう (tsukō)

Compounds

• 仕つかまつ(し)上うえ(あ)がり (shiagari, “finish, end, completion”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)上うえ(あ)げ (shiage, “end, finishing touches”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)上うえ(あ)げる (shiageru, “finish up, complete”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)入いれ(い)れ (shīre, “stocking, buying up”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)入いれ(い)れる (shīreru, “lay in stock, replenish stock”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)打だ(う)ち (shiuchi, “treatment, behavior, action”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)置おけ(お)き (shioki, “punishment”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)送おく(おく)り (shiokuri, “allowance, remittance”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)掛かけ(か)け (shikake, “device, contrivance, trick”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)掛かけ(か)ける (shikakeru, “commence, lay, set”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)方ほう(かた) (shikata, “way, method, means”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)方ほう(かた)がない (shikata ga nai), 仕つかまつ(し)方ほう(かた)ない (shikata nai, “it can't be helped”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)切きり(き)り (shikiri, “partition, division, boundary”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)切きり(き)る (shikiru, “partition, divide, mark off”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)草くさ(ぐさ) (shigusa, “action, acting, gesture”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)組くみ(く)み (shikumi, “structure, construction, arrangement”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)事こと(ごと) (shigoto, “work, job, business”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)事こと(ごと)中なか(ちゅう) (shigotochū, “at work, working”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)事こと(ごと)始はじめ(はじ)め (shigotohajime, “resuming work after New Year's vacation”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)事こと(ごと)場ば(ば) (shigotoba, “place where one works”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)込こみ(こ)み (shikomi, “training, stocking up”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)立だて(た)て (shitate, “tailoring, dressmaking, sewing”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)立だて(た)てる (shitateru, “tailor, make, prepare”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)手て(て) (shite, “doer, performer”)
• お仕つかまつ(し)舞まい(ま)い (oshimai, “the end, closing”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)舞まい(ま)う (shimau, “finish, do something completely”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)様よう(よう) (shiyō, “way, method, means”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)様よう(よう)がない (shiyō ga nai), しょうがない (shō ga nai, “it's no use”)
• 仕つかまつ(し)業ごう(わざ) (shiwaza, “deed, act, action”)
• 仕つかまつ(つか)える (tsukaeru, “serve, work for, attend”)
• 奉たてまつ(ほう)仕つかまつ(し) (hōshi, “attendance, service, ministry”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
仕つかまつ
し Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 仕つかまつ (MC dzriX).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) し [shíꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɕi]

Noun

仕つかまつ(し) • (shi) ^{←し (si)?}

1. official, civil service

   仕つかまつ(し)を致(いた)す

   shi o itasu

   to resign from public office

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
仕つかまつ
し Grade: 3 (ateji)
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɕi]

Verb

仕つかまつ(し) • (shi) ^{←し (si)?}

1. Alternative spelling of し (shi, continuative of する (suru))

Usage notes

• Used primarily as the first element in verb-verb and verb-noun compounds.

Korean

Hanja

仕つかまつ (eumhun 섬길 사 (seomgil sa))

1. hanja form^? of 사 (“serve; official”)

Vietnamese

Han character

仕つかまつ: Hán Nôm readings: sĩ, sải, sảy, sãi, sẻ, sễ, sẽ, sì, sẩy, sè, sõi, sỡi, xảy

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation