なか

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なか U+4EF2, 仲
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EF2

[U+4EF1]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4EF3]

Translingual

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Stroke order
6 strokes

Han character

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なか (Kangxi radical 9, ひと+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人中ひとなか (OL) or なん人中ひとなか (XOL), four-corner 25206, composition なか)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 94, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 403
  • Dae Jaweon: page 200, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 121, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+4EF2

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character なか
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts



References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい形声けいせい, OC *duŋs) : semantic (person) + phonetic なか (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs, middle).

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
なか

Derived from なか (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs, “middle”).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character なか
Reading # 1/1
Initial (こえ) きよし (11)
Final (いん) ひがし (2)
Tone (調しらべ) Departing (H)
Openness (ひらきあい) Open
Division (ひとし) III
Fanqie じきしゅうきり
Baxter drjuwngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɖɨuŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɖiuŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȡiuŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɖuwŋH/
Li
Rong
/ȡiuŋH/
Wang
Li
/ȡĭuŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ȡʱi̯uŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhòng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zung6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character なか
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhòng
Middle
Chinese
‹ drjuwngH ›
Old
Chinese
/*N-truŋ-s/
English middle (of brothers)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character なか
Reading # 1/1
No. 17419
Phonetic
component
なか
Rime
group
おわり
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
なか
Old
Chinese
/*duŋs/

Definitions

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なか

  1. second, especially when referring to seniority of siblings. See usage notes of はく.
    はくなか  ―  zhòng  ―  superior and inferior, competition, comparison
  2. middle
    なかなつ  ―  zhòngxià  ―  midsummer
    なかたっ  ―  zhòngcái  ―  arbitration
  3. a surname

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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simp. and trad.
なか
alternative forms おも

Probably from おも.

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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なか (Cantonese)

  1. still (referring to time)
    なかとくじゅう [Cantonese]  ―  zung6 mei6 dak1 zyu6. [Jyutping]  ―  It's still not OK.
    而家なかしょくめし [Cantonese, trad.]
    而家なかしょく [Cantonese, simp.]
    keoi5 ji4 gaa1 dou1 zung6 sik6 gan2 faan6. [Jyutping]
    He is still eating, even now.
  2. even more
    わがあいだなかだい [Cantonese, trad.]
    わがなかだい [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 dei6 gaan1 uk1 zung6 daai6. [Jyutping]
    Our house is even bigger.
    じょうなかとうと [Cantonese, trad.]
    じょうなか [Cantonese, simp.]
    ji1 tiu4 fu3 zung6 gwai3. [Jyutping]
    This pair of pants is even more expensive.
  3. also; as well
    わがひろよるばんくろなかうめ多利たりこう [Cantonese, trad.]
    わが寻日よるばんくろなかうめ多利たり亚港 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 dei6 cam4 jat6 je6 maan5 haak1 zung6 heoi3 maai4 wai4 do1 lei6 aa3 gong2 tim1! [Jyutping]
    We went to Victoria Harbor last night as well!
Synonyms
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Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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なか

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
なか
なか
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of なか – see the following entry.
なか
[noun] なか: relationship, terms
[proper noun] なか: a surname
(This term, なか, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

なか (eum (jung))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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なか: Hán Nôm readings: trọng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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