舵かじ

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See also: 柁かじ
舵かじ U+8235, 舵
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8235
← 舴
[U+8234] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 舶 →
[U+8236]

Translingual

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Han character

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舵かじ (Kangxi radical 137, 舟ふね+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹たけ卜ぼく十じゅう心しん (HYJP), four-corner 23411, composition ⿰舟ふね它)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1010, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30400
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1468, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3060, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+8235

Chinese

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trad. 舵かじ
simp. # 舵かじ
alternative forms 舦 Cantonese
艜／𰰏 Cantonese
柁かじ Southern Min

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (它) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
佗 *l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːl
拕 *l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːlʔ
它 *l̥ʰaːl
蛇へび *l̥ʰaːl, *ɦljaːl, *lal
袉 *l̥ʰaːlʔ, *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ
鴕 *l'aːl
駝 *l'aːl
紽 *l'aːl
鮀 *l'aːl
陀 *l'aːl
沱 *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ
跎 *l'aːl
詑 *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ, *hlel, *lal, *l̥ʰoːl
酡 *l'aːl
迱 *l'aːl
舵かじ *l'aːlʔ
柁かじ *l'aːlʔ
鉈 *ɦljaːl, *hljal

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *l'aːlʔ) : semantic 舟ふね (“boat”) + phonetic 它 (OC *l̥ʰaːl).

Etymology

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Attested late, in Shiming as 柂 and Guangyun as 舵かじ.

Shiming connects it to 拖 (OC *l̥ˤaj, “to drag, to pull, to haul”). Meanwhile, Schuessler (2007) considers it an areal word; compare Vietnamese lái (“to drive (a wheeled vehicle), to steer (a vessel), etc.”) and Thai ท้าย (táai, “stern; back; rear end”).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • to5 - literary;
  • to4 - vernacular (read as 砣, usually in compounds in the sense of “rudder”);
  • taai5 - vernacular (“rudder; steering”).
Note:
  • duâi - vernacular;
  • dò̤ - literary.
Note:
  • tō/tǒ/tǒ͘ - literary;
  • tōa/tǒa, tāi/tǎi - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 舵かじ
Mandarin Beijing /tuo⁵¹/
Harbin /tuo⁵³/
Tianjin /tuo⁵³/
Jinan /tuə²¹/
Qingdao /tuə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /tuo³¹²/
Xi'an /tʰuo²¹/
Xining /tu²¹³/
Yinchuan /tʰuə⁵³/
/tuə¹³/
Lanzhou /tʰuə⁵³/
Ürümqi /tuɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /tuo³⁵/
Chengdu /to¹³/
Guiyang /to²¹³/
Kunming /to²¹²/
Nanjing /to⁴⁴/
Hefei /tʊ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /tuɤ⁴⁵/
Pingyao /tuə⁵³/
Hohhot /tuɤ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /du²³/
Suzhou /dəu³¹/
Hangzhou /do¹³/
Wenzhou /dɤu³⁵/
Hui Shexian /to³⁵/
Tunxi /to²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /to⁵⁵/
/to¹¹/
Xiangtan /do²¹/
Gan Nanchang /tʰo²¹/
Hakka Meixian /tʰo¹¹/
Taoyuan /tʰo¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tʰɔ²¹/
Nanning /tʰɔ²⁴/
/tʰɔ²¹/
Hong Kong /tʰɔ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /to²²/
/tua²²/ 捍～
/tai²²/ ～公こう
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tuɑi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tuɛ⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /tua³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔdua³³/
/ʔdai³³/
/ʔdo⁵⁵/ 俗ぞく
Rime
Character 舵かじ
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲こえ) 定じょう (7)
Final (韻いん) 歌うた (94)
Tone (調しらべ) Rising (X)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) I
Fanqie 徒と可か切きり
Baxter daX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/dɑX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/dɑX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/dɑX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/daX/
Li
Rong 		/dɑX/
Wang
Li 		/dɑX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/dʱɑX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		duò
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		do6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 舵かじ
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		duò
Middle
Chinese 		‹ daX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*lˁajʔ/ (~ *C.lˁajʔ)
English rudder; helm

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 舵かじ
Reading # 1/1
No. 12225
Phonetic
component 		它
Rime
group 		歌うた
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		爹
Old
Chinese 		/*l'aːlʔ/
Notes 同どう柁かじ

Definitions

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舵かじ

  1. (nautical, aeronautics) rudder; helm
  2. (Cantonese) steering (of a vehicle)
    Alternative form: (Cantonese) 軚／𮷗 (taai5)

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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舵かじ

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. rudder, tiller, helm

Readings

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
舵かじ
かじ
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

/kadi/ → /kad͡ʑi/

From Old Japanese. This originally referred to a single oar-like device attached to the back of a small boat and swept from side to side to propel the boat forward. This was also used for steering, and over time, the “single back oar” sense was largely superseded by the “steering device” sense.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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舵かじ(かじ) • (kaji) ←かぢ (kadi)?

  1. (nautical) the rudder of a boat or ship
  2. (nautical, aeronautics) the helm, tiller, or wheel of a boat or ship, or of an aircraft
  3. (figurative) a position of leadership or control
  4. (nautical) a single oar-like device attached to the back of a small boat and swept from side to side to propel the boat forward

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Derived terms

References

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  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語こくご大だい辞典じてん（新装しんそう版ばん） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林だいじりん [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新しん明解めいかい国語こくご辞典じてん [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語にほんご発音はつおんアクセント辞典じてん [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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舵かじ (eumhun 키 타 (ki ta))

  1. hanja form? of 타 (“rudder, tiller, helm”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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舵かじ: Hán Việt readings: đà

References

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