周しゅう公こう

Chinese

		encircle; circuit; complete encircle; circuit; complete; lap; week; cycle; all; every; attentive; thoughtful	just; honourable; public just; honourable; public; common; fair; duke; mister
trad. (周しゅう公こう)		周しゅう	公おおやけ
simp. #(周しゅう公こう)		周しゅう	公おおやけ

Etymology

"dream"

Based on the Analects:

久ひさ矣吾われ不ふ復ふく夢見ゆめみ周しゅう公こう。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

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久ひさ矣吾われ不ふ复梦见周しゅう公こう。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Jiǔ yǐ wú bùfù mèngjiàn Zhōugōng. [Pinyin]

For a long time, I have not dreamed, as I was wont to do, that I saw the duke of Zhou.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Zhōugōng

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄡ ㄍㄨㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zau¹ gung¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Zhōugōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄡ ㄍㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Jhougong
    • Wade–Giles: Chou¹-kung¹
    • Yale: Jōu-gūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jougong
    • Palladius: Чжоугун (Čžougun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zau¹ gung¹
    • Yale: jāu gūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzau¹ gung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zeo¹ gung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: tsyuw kuwng

Rime
Character	周しゅう	公おおやけ
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	章あきら (23)	見み (28)
Final (韻いん)	尤ゆう (136)	東ひがし (1)
Tone (調しらべ)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open	Open
Division (等ひとし)	III	I
Fanqie	職しょく流ながれ切きり	古ふる紅べに切きり
Baxter	tsyuw	kuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨu/	/kuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiu/	/kuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiəu/	/kuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuw/	/kəwŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiu/	/kuŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭəu/	/kuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/	/kuŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōu	gōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zau1	gung1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tiw  C.qˤoŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjɯw  kloːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	周しゅう	周しゅう	公おおやけ	公おおやけ
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhōu	zhōu	gōng	gōng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuw ›	‹ tsyuw ›	‹ kuwng ›	‹ kuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*tiw/	/*tiw/	/*C.qˁoŋ/	/*C.qˁoŋ/
English	Zhōu (dynasty and place)	cycle; all around	impartial, just; public	father; prince
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	周しゅう	公おおやけ
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	17531	4092
Phonetic component	周しゅう	公おおやけ
Rime group	幽かそけ	東ひがし
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	周しゅう	公おおやけ
Old Chinese	/*tjɯw/	/*kloːŋ/
Notes	甲きのえ金きむ文ぶん象ぞう田た間あいだ稼密ひそか， 爲ため稠初はつ文ぶん

Proper noun

周しゅう公こう

1. Duke of Zhou
   • 91 C.E., 司馬しば遷 [Sima Qian], 史記しき [Records of the Grand Historian]:

     武たけ王おう即そく位くらい，太ふとし公おおやけ望もち為ため師し，周しゅう公こう旦だん為ため輔，召公、畢公おおやけ之これ徒と左右さゆう王おう，師し修おさむ文ぶん王おう緒いとぐち業ぎょう。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     武たけ王おう即そく位くらい，太ふとし公おおやけ望もち为师，周しゅう公こう旦だん为辅，召公、毕公おおやけ之これ徒と左右さゆう王おう，师修おさむ文ぶん王おう绪业。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     Wǔwáng jí wèi, Tàigōng Wàng wéi shī, Zhōugōng Dàn wéi fǔ, Zhàogōng, Bìgōng zhī tú zuǒyòu wáng, shī xiū Wénwáng xùyè. [Pinyin]

     When King Wu acceded to the throne, Taigong Wang was the tutor, Dan the Duke of Zhou was the assistant, the Duke of Shao, the Duke of Pi and others all attended the king to the left and to the right. They followed and cultivated King Wen’s legacy.

   • c. 475 - 221 BCE, Disciples of Confucius, “述じゅつ而 [Shu Er]”, in 論語ろんご [The Analects of Confucius]:

     子こ曰：「甚矣吾われ衰おとろえ也！久ひさ矣吾われ不ふ復ふく夢見ゆめみ周しゅう公こう。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     子こ曰：「甚矣吾われ衰おとろえ也！久ひさ矣吾われ不ふ复梦见周しゅう公こう。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     Zǐyuē: “Shèn yǐ wú shuāi yě! Jiǔ yǐ wú bùfù mèngjiàn Zhōugōng.” [Pinyin]

     The Master said, "Extreme is my decline. For a long time, I have not dreamed, as I was wont to do, that I saw the Duke of Zhou."

   • 一いち師し晝寢ひるね，及醒，謬言げん曰：「我わが乃夢ゆめ周しゅう公こう也。」明あきら晝ひる，其徒と效こう之これ。師し以界さかい方かた擊げき醒，曰：「汝なんじ何なに得とく如此？」徒と曰：「亦また往見み周しゅう公こう耳みみ。」師し曰：「周しゅう公こう何なに語かたり？」答こたえ曰：「周しゅう公こう說せつ昨日きのう並なみ不ふ曾會かい尊師そんし。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     一いち师昼寝ひるね，及醒，谬言げん曰：「我わが乃梦周しゅう公こう也。」明あきら昼ひる，其徒と效こう之これ。师以界さかい方かた击醒，曰：「汝なんじ何なに得とく如此？」徒と曰：「亦また往见周しゅう公こう耳みみ。」师曰：「周しゅう公こう何なに语？」答こたえ曰：「周しゅう公こう说昨日きのう并不ふ曾会かい尊みこと师。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: 馮夢龍りゅう (Feng Menglong),《笑わらい府ふ》(Treasury of Laughs), late Ming dynasty.

     Yī shī zhòuqǐn, jí xǐng, miùyán yuē: “Wǒ nǎi mèng Zhōugōng yě.” Míngzhòu, qí tú xiào zhī. Shī yǐ jièfāng jī xǐng, yuē: “Rǔ hé dé rúcǐ?” Tú yuē: “Yì wǎng jiàn Zhōugōng ěr.” Shī yuē: “Zhōugōng hé yǔ?” Dáyuē: “Zhōugōng shuō zuórì bìng bù céng huì zūnshī.” [Pinyin]

     A teacher dozed off in broad daylight; when he woke up, he said untruthfully: "I was dreaming of the Duke of Zhou." The next day, his pupil did so too; the teacher struck him with a ferule and woke him up. The teacher asked: "How could you do this?" The pupil answered: "I was also dreaming of the Duke of Zhou." The teacher asked: "What did the Duke of Zhou say?". The pupil answered: "The Duke of Zhou said he did not see you, venerable teacher, ever once yesterday."

Derived terms

• 周しゅう公こう之の禮れい／周しゅう公こう之の礼れい
• 周しゅう公こう吐哺
• 周しゅう公こう解かい夢ゆめ／周しゅう公こう解かい梦
• 夢ゆめ周しゅう公こう／梦周公こう
• 夢見ゆめみ周しゅう公こう／梦见周しゅう公こう
• 搵周公こう／揾周公こう

 

Noun

周しゅう公こう

1. (literary, figurative) dream