ボーリウム
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ボーリウム, Bh, 107 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
7, 7, d | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[270] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 13, 2( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
37.1 g/cm3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
127 pm | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
141 pm | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
その | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CAS |
54037-14-8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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ボーリウム(
歴史
[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Niels_Bohr.jpg/170px-Niels_Bohr.jpg)
発見
[2つのグループがこの
1981
- 209
83Bi + 54
24Cr → 262
107Bh + n
この
提案 された名前
[1992
104から106の
2000
同位 体
[[13][14] |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
260Bh | 35 ms | 2007 | 209Bi(52Cr,n)[15] | |
261Bh | 11.8 ms | 1986 | 209Bi(54Cr,2n)[16] | |
262Bh | 84 ms | 1981 | 209Bi(54Cr,n)[7] | |
262mBh | 9.6 ms | 1981 | 209Bi(54Cr,n)[7] | |
264Bh | 0.97 s | 1994 | 272Rg(—,2 | |
265Bh | 0.9 s | 2004 | 243Am(26Mg,4n)[18] | |
266Bh | 0.9 s | 2000 | 249Bk(22Ne,5n)[19] | |
267Bh | 17 s | 2000 | 249Bk(22Ne,4n)[19] | |
270Bh | 61 s | 2006 | 282Nh(—,3 | |
271Bh | 1.2 s | 2003 | 287Mc(—,4 | |
272Bh | 9.8 s | 2005 | 288Mc(—,4 | |
274Bh | 40 s | 2009 | 294Ts(—,5 | |
278Bh | 11.5 min? | SF | 1998? | 290Fl(e−, |
ボーリウムには
予測 される特性
[ボーリウムやその
化学 的 特性
[
4)である。しかしながら、ボーリウム(VII)は
テクネチウムとレニウムは
物理 的 特性 ・原子
[ボーリウムは
実験 化学
[1995
2000
- 2 Bh + 3 O2 + 2 HCl → 2 BhO3Cl + H2
出典
[- ^ a b c d Johnson, E.; Fricke, B.; Jacob, T.; Dong, C. Z.; Fritzsche, S.; Pershina, V. (2002). “Ionization potentials and radii of neutral and ionized species of elements 107 (bohrium) and 108 (hassium) from extended multiconfiguration Dirac–Fock calculations”. The Journal of Chemical Physics 116: 1862. doi:10.1063/1.1430256.
- ^ a b Oganessian, Yuri Ts.; Abdullin, F. Sh.; Bailey, P. D.; Benker, D. E.; Bennett, M. E.; Dmitriev, S. N.; Ezold, J. G.; Hamilton, J. H. et al. (2010-04-09). “Synthesis of a New Element with Atomic Number Z=117”. Physical Review Letters (American Physical Society) 104 (142502). Bibcode: 2010PhRvL.104n2502O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.142502. PMID 20481935 . (gives life-time of 1.3 min based on a single event; conversion to half-life is done by multiplying with ln(2).)
- ^ "ボーリウム". デジタル
大辞泉 . コトバンクより2023年 6月 22日 閲覧 。 - ^ a b c "ボーリウム".
化学 辞典 第 2版 . コトバンクより2023年 6月 22日 閲覧 。 - ^ Yu; Demin, A.G.; Danilov, N.A.; Flerov, G.N.; Ivanov, M.P.; Iljinov, A.S.; Kolesnikov, N.N.; Markov, B.N. et al. (1976). “On spontaneous fission of neutron-deficient isotopes of elements”. Nuclear Physics A 273: 505–522. doi:10.1016/0375-9474(76)90607-2.
- ^ a b Barber, R. C.; Greenwood, N. N.; Hrynkiewicz, A. Z.; Jeannin, Y. P.; Lefort, M.; Sakai, M.; Ulehla, I.; Wapstra, A. P. et al. (1993). “Discovery of the transfermium elements. Part II: Introduction to discovery profiles. Part III: Discovery profiles of the transfermium elements”. Pure and Applied Chemistry 65 (8): 1757. doi:10.1351/pac199365081757.
- ^ a b c Münzenberg, G.; Hofmann, S.; Heßberger, F. P.; Reisdorf, W.; Schmidt, K. H.; Schneider, J. H. R.; Armbruster, P.; Sahm, C. C. et al. (1981). “Identification of element 107 by
α correlation chains”. Zeitschrift für Physik A 300 (1): 107–8. Bibcode: 1981ZPhyA.300..107M. doi:10.1007/BF01412623 24 December 2016閲覧 。. - ^ Ghiorso, A.; Seaborg, G. T.; Organessian, Yu. Ts.; Zvara, I.; Armbruster, P.; Hessberger, F. P.; Hofmann, S.; Leino, M. et al. (1993). “Responses on 'Discovery of the transfermium elements' by Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, California; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna; and Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt followed by reply to responses by the Transfermium Working Group”. Pure and Applied Chemistry 65 (8): 1815–1824. doi:10.1351/pac199365081815.
- ^ a b c Commission on Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry (1997). “Names and symbols of transfermium elements (IUPAC Recommendations 1997)”. Pure and Applied Chemistry 69 (12): 2471–2474. doi:10.1351/pac199769122471 .
- ^ “Names and symbols of transfermium elements (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)”. Pure and Applied Chemistry 66 (12): 2419–2421. (1994). doi:10.1351/pac199466122419.
- ^ International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (2005). Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 2005). Cambridge (UK): RSC–IUPAC. ISBN 0-85404-438-8. pp. 337–9. Electronic version.
- ^ ナツメ
社 『図解 雑学 シリーズ元素 』 - ^ a b c Sonzogni, Alejandro. “Interactive Chart of Nuclides”. National Nuclear Data Center: Brookhaven National Laboratory. 2008
年 6月 6日 閲覧 。 - ^ a b Gray, Theodore (2002–2010). “The Photographic Periodic Table of the Elements”. periodictable.com. 16 November 2012
閲覧 。 - ^ Nelson, S.; Gregorich, K.; Dragojević, I.; Garcia, M.; Gates, J.; Sudowe, R.; Nitsche, H. (2008). “Lightest Isotope of Bh Produced via the Bi209(Cr52,n)Bh260 Reaction”. Physical Review Letters 100 (2): 022501. Bibcode: 2008PhRvL.100b2501N. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.022501. PMID 18232860 .
- ^ Münzenberg, G.; Armbruster, P.; Hofmann, S.; Heßberger, F. P.; Folger, H.; Keller, J. G.; Ninov, V.; Poppensieker, K. et al. (1989). “Element 107”. Zeitschrift für Physik A 333 (2): 163. Bibcode: 1989ZPhyA.333..163M. doi:10.1007/BF01565147.
- ^ Hofmann, S.; Ninov, V.; Heßberger, F. P.; Armbruster, P.; Folger, H.; Münzenberg, G.; Schött, H. J.; Popeko, A. G. et al. (1995). “The new element 111”. Zeitschrift für Physik A 350 (4): 281. Bibcode: 1995ZPhyA.350..281H. doi:10.1007/BF01291182.
- ^ Gan, Z.G.; Guo, J. S.; Wu, X. L.; Qin, Z.; Fan, H. M.; Lei, X. G.; Liu, H. Y.; Guo, B. et al. (2004). “New isotope 265Bh”. The European Physical Journal A 20 (3): 385. Bibcode: 2004EPJA...20..385G. doi:10.1140/epja/i2004-10020-2.
- ^ a b Wilk, P. A.; Gregorich, K. E.; Turler, A.; Laue, C. A.; Eichler, R.; Ninov V, V.; Adams, J. L.; Kirbach, U. W. et al. (2000). “Evidence for New Isotopes of Element 107: 266Bh and 267Bh”. Physical Review Letters 85 (13): 2697–700. Bibcode: 2000PhRvL..85.2697W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.2697. PMID 10991211 .
- ^ a b c Oganessian, Yu. Ts. (2007). "Heaviest Nuclei Produced in 48Ca-induced Reactions (Synthesis and Decay Properties)". In Penionzhkevich, Yu. E.; Cherepanov, E. A. (eds.). AIP Conference Proceedings: International Symposium on Exotic Nuclei. Vol. 912. p. 235. doi:10.1063/1.2746600. ISBN 978-0-7354-0420-5。
- ^ Münzenberg, G.; Gupta, M. (2011). “Production and Identification of Transactinide Elements”. In Vértes, Attila. Handbook of Nuclear Chemistry: Production and Identification of Transactinide Elements. p. 877. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0720-2_19. ISBN 978-1-4419-0719-6
- ^ Subramanian, S.. “Making New Elements Doesn't Pay. Just Ask This Berkeley Scientist”. Bloomberg Businessweek. 2020
年 1月 18日 閲覧 。 - ^ Fricke, Burkhard (1975). “Superheavy elements: a prediction of their chemical and physical properties”. Recent Impact of Physics on Inorganic Chemistry 21: 89–144. doi:10.1007/BFb0116498 4 October 2013
閲覧 。. - ^ a b c d e f g Hoffman, Darleane C.; Lee, Diana M.; Pershina, Valeria (2006). “Transactinides and the future elements”. In Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean. The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (3rd ed.). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science+Business Media. ISBN 1-4020-3555-1
- ^ Hans Georg Nadler "Rhenium and Rhenium Compounds" Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2000. doi:10.1002/14356007.a23_199
- ^ Östlin, A.; Vitos, L. (2011). “First-principles calculation of the structural stability of 6d transition metals”. Physical Review B 84 (11). Bibcode: 2011PhRvB..84k3104O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.84.113104.
- ^ Malmbeck, R.; Skarnemark, G.; Alstad, J.; Fure, K.; Johansson, M.; Omtvedt, J. P. (2000). “Chemical Separation Procedure Proposed for Studies of Bohrium”. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 246 (2): 349. doi:10.1023/A:1006791027906.
- ^ Gäggeler, H. W.; Eichler, R.; Brüchle, W.; Dressler, R.; Düllmann, Ch. E.; Eichler, B.; Gregorich, K. E.; Hoffman, D. C. et al. (2000). “Chemical characterization of bohrium (element 107)”. Nature 407 (6800): 63–5. Bibcode: 2000Natur.407...63E. doi:10.1038/35024044. PMID 10993071.
- ^ Eichler, R.. “Gas chemical investigation of bohrium (Bh, element 107)”. GSI Annual Report 2000. 2012
年 2月 19日 時点 のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2008年 2月 29日 閲覧 。 - ^ Moody, Ken (2013-11-30). “Synthesis of Superheavy Elements”. In Schädel, Matthias; Shaughnessy, Dawn. The Chemistry of Superheavy Elements (2nd ed.). Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 24–8. ISBN 9783642374661
書誌 情報
[- Audi, G.; Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S. (2017). “The NUBASE2016 evaluation of nuclear properties”. Chinese Physics C 41 (3): 030001. Bibcode: 2017ChPhC..41c0001A. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/41/3/030001.
- Beiser, A. (2003). Concepts of modern physics (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-244848-1. OCLC 48965418
- Hoffman, D. C.; Ghiorso, A.; Seaborg, G. T. (2000). The Transuranium People: The Inside Story. World Scientific. ISBN 978-1-78-326244-1
- Kragh, H. (2018). From Transuranic to Superheavy Elements: A Story of Dispute and Creation. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-75813-8
- Zagrebaev, V.; Karpov, A.; Greiner, W. (2013). “Future of superheavy element research: Which nuclei could be synthesized within the next few years?”. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 420 (1): 012001. arXiv:1207.5700. Bibcode: 2013JPhCS.420a2001Z. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/420/1/012001. ISSN 1742-6588.
外部 リンク
[(University of Nottingham)
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||
1 | H | He | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 | Li | Be | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 | Na | Mg | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr | |||||||||||||||
5 | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe | |||||||||||||||
6 | Cs | Ba | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn | |
7 | Fr | Ra | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og | |
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