壓あつ

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See also: 压 and 圧あつ
壓あつ U+58D3, 壓
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58D3
← 壒
[U+58D2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 壔 →
[U+58D4]

Translingual

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Traditional 壓あつ
Shinjitai 圧あつ
Simplified 压

Han character

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壓あつ (Kangxi radical 32, 土ど+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 一大いちだい土ど (MKG), four-corner 71214, composition ⿸厭いや土ど(GHT) or ⿱厭いや土ど(JKV))

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 241, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5557
  • Dae Jaweon: page 480, character 33
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 495, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+58D3

Chinese

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trad. 壓あつ
simp. 压

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (猒) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
猒 *qem, *qems
懕 *qem
饜 *qem, *qems
嬮 *qem, *qems, *qeb
厭いや *qemʔ, *qems, *qeb
黶 *qemʔ
檿 *qemʔ
魘 *qemʔ, *qeb
厴 *qemʔ
擪 *qemʔ, *qeb
壓あつ *qreːb
靨えくぼ *qeb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *qreːb) : phonetic 厭いや (OC *qemʔ, *qems, *qeb) + semantic 土ど (“dust”).

Etymology 1

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Pronunciation 1

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Note: yà - only used in 壓あつ根ね (Mainland standard).
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
Note:
  • ă̤ - vernacular;
  • ă - literary.
Note:
  • dáh - vernacular;
  • ák - literary.
Note:
  • ah - vernacular (“to press and draw; to scrape; to suppress (Taiwan)”);
  • ap - literary.
Note:
  • iab4/iag4 - literary (iag4 - Chenghai);
  • dêh4 - vernacular (俗ぞく), also written as 硩.
Rime
Character 壓あつ
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲こえ) 影かげ (34)
Final (韻いん) 狎 (150)
Tone (調しらべ) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) II
Fanqie 烏がらす甲きのえ切きり
Baxter 'aep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔˠap̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔᵚap̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔap̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔaɨp̚/
Li
Rong 		/ʔap̚/
Wang
Li 		/ap̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʔap̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		ya
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		aap3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 壓あつ
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yā
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔæp ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔˁrep/
English press down

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 壓あつ
Reading # 1/1
No. 14430
Phonetic
component 		猒
Rime
group 		盍
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		鴨かも
Old
Chinese 		/*qreːb/
Definitions
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壓あつ

  1. to press; to push down
    壓あつ碎／压碎  ―  yāsuì  ―  to crush to pieces
    我わが的てき腿もも被ひ石頭いしあたま壓あつ住じゅう了りょう。 [MSC, trad.]
    我わが的てき腿もも被ひ石いし头压住じゅう了りょう。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ de tuǐ bèi shítou yā zhù le. [Pinyin]
    My legs were held down by rocks.
    最近さいきん被ひ工作こうさく壓あつ得とく喘不ふ過か氣き來き。 [MSC, trad.]
    最近さいきん被ひ工作こうさく压得とく喘不ふ过气来き。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zuìjìn bèi gōngzuò yā de chuǎn bù guò qì lái. [Pinyin]
    I've been so stressed by work lately that it almost makes me out of breath.
  2. to keep under control; to control
    壓あつ住じゅう怒いか火ひ／压住じゅう怒いか火ひ  ―  yā zhù nùhuǒ  ―  to control one's anger
  3. to suppress; to bring pressure on; to intimidate
    鎮壓あつ／镇压  ―  zhènyā  ―  to suppress
  4. to approach; to draw near; to close in on
    大軍たいぐん壓あつ境さかい／大だい军压境さかい  ―  dàjūnyājìng  ―  the army is bearing down in force
  5. to surpass; to prevail over
  6. to shelve; to lay aside
  7. to risk; to stake
    alt. forms: 押 (yā)
  8. (physics) pressure
    加か壓あつ／加か压  ―  jiāyā  ―  to raise pressure
    血ち壓あつ／血ち压  ―  xuèyā  ―  blood pressure
    電でん壓あつ／电压  ―  diànyā  ―  voltage
  9. Used in 壓あつ根ね兒じ／压根儿 (yàgēnr, “in the first place”).
  10. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to press and draw (a line)
  11. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to scrape or pare off horizontally
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 壓あつ (“to press down on”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 壓あつ
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 壓あつ
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 壓あつ
Taiwan 壓あつ
Singapore 壓あつ
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 壓あつ
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 壓あつ
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 壓あつ, 榨
Wuhan 壓あつ
Guilin 壓あつ
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 磕, 壓あつ
Cantonese Guangzhou 矺, 壓あつ
Hong Kong 矺, 壓あつ
Yangjiang 㩒, 扎, 壓あつ
Nanning 矺
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 矺
Gan Nanchang 矺, 壓あつ
Hakka Meixian 矺
Huidong (Daling) 矺
Dongguan (Qingxi) 矺
Wuhua (Huacheng) 矺
Heyuan (Bendihua) 矺
Wengyuan 矺
Liannan 矺
Jiexi 矺
Luhe 矺
Changting 矺
Wuping 矺
Wuping (Yanqian) 矺
Wuping (Pingyu) 矺
Liancheng 矺
Ninghua 矺
Ningdu 矺
Ruijin 矺
Shicheng 矺
Shangyou (Shexi) 矺
Tonggu (Sandu) 矺
Dayu 矺
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 矺
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 矺
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 矺
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 矺
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 矺
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 矺
Hong Kong 矺
Mengshan (Xihe) 矺
Senai (Huiyang) 矺
Northern Min Jian'ou 壓あつ
Eastern Min Fuzhou 矺
Fuzhou (Changle) 矺
Fuqing 矺
Yongtai 矺
Gutian 矺
Fu'an 矺
Ningde 矺
Shouning 矺
Zhouning 矺
Fuding 矺
Southern Min Xiamen 硩
Xiamen (Tong'an) 硩
Quanzhou 硩
Jinjiang 硩
Zhangzhou 硩
Tainan 硩
Penang (Hokkien) 硩
Singapore (Hokkien) 硩
Manila (Hokkien) 硩
Chaozhou 硩
Shantou 硩
Shantou (Chenghai) 硩
Jieyang 硩
Lufeng 硩
Haifeng 硩
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 硩
Leizhou 硩
Haikou 硩
Wu Shanghai 壓あつ
Suzhou 壓あつ
Wenzhou 榨, 塸, 壓あつ
Xiang Changsha 壓あつ
Shuangfeng 榨
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2

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Definitions
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壓あつ

  1. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to separate; to set apart
  2. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to gather together; to collect

Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of 壓あつ – see 硩 (“to pick; to smash up; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 硩).

Japanese

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Shinjitai

圧あつ

Kyūjitai

壓あつ

Kanji

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壓あつ

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 圧あつ)

  1. pressure

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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壓あつ (eumhun 누를 압 (nureul ap))

  1. Hanja form? of 압 (“pressure”).

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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壓あつ: Hán Nôm readings: áp, ếm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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