熱ねつ

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See also: 热 and 熟じゅく
熱ねつ U+71B1, 熱
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-71B1
← 熰
[U+71B0] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 熲 →
[U+71B2]

Translingual

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Han character

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熱ねつ (Kangxi radical 86, 火ひ+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 土ど戈ほこ火ひ (GIF), four-corner 45331, composition ⿱埶灬)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 681, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19360
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1092, character 24
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2230, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+71B1

Chinese

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trad. 熱ねつ
simp. 热
alternative forms 𤍠
𤉟
𤋩
𤎮
𪌌

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (埶) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
褹 *ŋr'eːds, *ŋeds
勢いきおい *hŋjeds
藝げい *ŋeds
囈 *ŋeds
埶 *ŋeds
蓺 *ŋeds
槸 *ŋeds
爇 *ŋʷjed
褻け *sŋed
暬 *sŋed
熱ねつ *ŋjed
槷 *ŋeːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *ŋjed) : phonetic 埶 (OC *ŋeds) + semantic 灬 (“fire”).

Etymology

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Schuessler (2007) considers this a *-t derivation of Proto-Sino-Tibetan *nwe (“warm”) (with initial *n- ~ ŋ- vacillation), whence also Burmese နွေး (nwe:, “warm; lukewarm”) and နွှေး (hnwe:, “to warm something; to revise”).

Often considered to be related to 爇 (OC *ŋʷjed, “to burn; to toast”) and 焫 (OC *njod, “hot”).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • loa̍h/joa̍h - vernacular (“hot (of the weather)”);
  • lia̍t/jia̍t/gia̍t - literary (“heated; to heat up; fever; craze; popular; enthusiastic; heaty; to put cooking oil”).
Note:
  • riag8 - literary;
  • riêg8 - literary (Chaozhou);
  • ruah8 - vernacular.
    • (Leizhou)
      • Leizhou Pinyin: yieg8 / yua6
      • Sinological IPA: /ziek̚²/, /zua³³/
Note:
  • yieg8 - literary;
  • yua6 - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 熱ねつ
Mandarin Beijing /ʐɤ⁵¹/
Harbin /ʐɤ⁵³/
Tianjin /iɤ⁵³/
/ʐɤ⁵³/
Jinan /ʐə²¹/
Qingdao /iə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʐʐ̩ɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /ʐɤ²¹/
Xining /ʐɛ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʐə¹³/
Lanzhou /ʐə¹³/
Ürümqi /ʐɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /nɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /ze³¹/
Guiyang /zɛ²¹/
Kunming /ʐə³¹/
Nanjing /ʐəʔ⁵/
Hefei /ʐɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /zaʔ²/
Pingyao /ʐʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /ʐaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /ȵiɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /ȵiəʔ³/
Hangzhou /zz̩ʷəʔ²/
Wenzhou /ȵi²¹³/
Hui Shexian /ne²²/
Tunxi /ȵia¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ye²⁴/
Xiangtan /ie²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /lɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /ŋiat̚⁵/
Taoyuan /ŋiet̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jit̚²/
Nanning /jit̚²²/
Hong Kong /jit̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /liat̚⁵/
/luaʔ⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /ieʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /iɛ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /ziak̚⁵/
/zuaʔ⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /zit̚³/
/zua³³/
Rime
Character 熱ねつ
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲こえ) 日ひ (38)
Final (韻いん) 薛 (81)
Tone (調しらべ) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) III
Fanqie 如列れつ切きり
Baxter nyet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ȵiᴇt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ȵiɛt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȵʑjæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ȵiat̚/
Li
Rong 		/ȵiɛt̚/
Wang
Li 		/ȵʑĭɛt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ȵʑi̯ɛt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		rè
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jit6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 熱ねつ
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		rè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ nyet ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.nat/ (or *C.ŋet?)
English hot

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 熱ねつ
Reading # 1/1
No. 15099
Phonetic
component 		埶
Rime
group 		月つき
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		熱ねつ
Old
Chinese 		/*ŋjed/

Definitions

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熱ねつ

  1. hot; heated; having a high temperature
    一いち杯はい熱ねつ茶ちゃ／一いち杯はい热茶ちゃ  ―  yī bēi rè chá  ―  a cup of hot tea
    啲湯ゆ仲なか好このみ熱ねつ，小心しょうしん啲啦。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    啲汤仲なか好このみ热，小心しょうしん啲啦。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    di1 tong1 zung6 hou2 jit6, siu2 sam1 di1 laa1. [Jyutping]
    The soup's still hot; be careful.
    湯ゆ還かえ熱ねつ呢，要よう小心しょうしん。 [MSC, trad.]
    汤还热呢，要よう小心しょうしん。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tāng hái rè ne, yào xiǎoxīn. [Pinyin]
    The soup's still hot; be careful.
    聽候鼎かなえ熱ねつ的てき時とき，愛あい趕緊囥油あぶら落去。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    听候鼎かなえ热的てき时，爱赶紧囥油あぶら落去。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Thèng-hāu tiáⁿ lia̍t ê sî, ài kóaⁿ-kín khǹg iû lo̍h-khì. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    Once the pan is hot enough, you must put the oil down quickly.
  2. hot (of the weather)
    今こん天てん很熱ねつ。／今こん天てん很热。  ―  Jīntiān hěn rè.  ―  It is quite hot today.
    今こん仔こ日び真しん熱ねつ。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    今こん仔こ日び真しん热。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Kim-á-li̍t chin loa̍h. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    It's very hot today.
  3. to heat up; to warm up
    菜さい過か鼎かなえ小しょう熱ねつ一いち下か。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    菜さい过鼎かなえ小しょう热一いち下か。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Chhài kè tiáⁿ sió lia̍t chi̍t-ē. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    Heat up the vegetables a bit over the wok.
  4. heat; hotness; warmness; high temperature
    傳つて熱ねつ／传热  ―  chuán rè  ―  to conduct heat
  5. (literary) hot weather; summer heat
  6. ardent; warmhearted; enthusiastic
    熱ねつ情じょう／热情じょう  ―  rèqíng  ―  enthusiastic
    熱ねつ戀こい／热恋こい  ―  rèliàn  ―  to be head over heels in love; to be madly in love
    熱ねつ心こころ腸ちょう／热心こころ肠  ―  rèxīncháng  ―  warm-heartedness
  7. fever; febrility; pyrexia
    發はつ熱ねつ／发热  ―  fārè  ―  to have a fever
    退すさ熱ねつ／退すさ热  ―  tuìrè  ―  to bring down a fever
  8. craze; fad
    鋼はがね琴きん熱ねつ／钢琴热  ―  gāngqín rè  ―  piano craze; intense enthusiasm for learning the piano
  9. popular; fashionable; in vogue
    熱ねつ門もん／热门  ―  rèmén  ―  popular; in vogue; hot
  10. noisy; lively
    熱ねつ鬧／热闹  ―  rènào  ―  bustling; lively
  11. (literary) worried; anxious; distraught
  12. envious
    眼め熱ねつ／眼め热  ―  yǎnrè  ―  to envy
  13. (traditional Chinese medicine) heaty
    用よう烏がらす麻あさ油ゆ的てき物件ぶっけん真しん熱ねつ。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    用よう乌麻油ゆ的てき物件ぶっけん真しん热。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Ēng o͘-môa-iû ê mi̍h-kiāⁿ chin lia̍t. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    Things fried in sesame oil are heaty.
  14. (Mainland China Hokkien) to put cooking oil in the pan to heat it (to make it convenient to stir-fry)
    熱ねつ油あぶら／热油あぶら [Hokkien]  ―  lia̍t-iû [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to heat up cooking oil in a pan for cooking food
  15. (Mainland China Hokkien) deeply immersed; highly enthusiastic (into something)
    行くだり棋行くだり甲きのえ真しん熱ねつ，冊さつ煞𣍐顧得讀。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    行くだり棋行くだり甲きのえ真しん热，册さつ煞𫧃顾得读。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Kiâⁿ-kî kiâⁿ kah chin lia̍t, chheh soah bōe-kò͘-tit tha̍k. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    He is deeply immersed in playing chess that he even disregarded reading the book.
    這擺逐個唱流行りゅうこう歌曲かきょく唱甲きのえ真しん熱ねつ。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    这摆逐个唱流行りゅうこう歌曲かきょく唱甲きのえ真しん热。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Chit-pái ta̍k-ê chhiùⁿ liû-hêng koa-khek chhiùⁿ kah chin lia̍t. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    Recently, people have been singing pop songs with high enthusiasm.
  16. (Taiwanese Hokkien) friendly; warm; intimate (with someone)
    𪜶兩りょう人ひと的てき感情かんじょう當とう咧熱ねつ。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    𪜶两人ひと的てき感情かんじょう当とう咧热。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    In nn̄g lâng ê kám-chêng tng-teh jia̍t. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    The feelings between these two people are warm.
  17. a surname

Usage notes

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  • For the "hot" sense, in some Chinese dialects (see the dialectal synonyms chart), the sense is limited to describing the weather.

Synonyms

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  • (hot):
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Dialectal synonyms of 熱ねつ (“hot”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 熱ねつ
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 熱ねつ
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 熱ねつ
Taiwan 熱ねつ
Singapore 燒やき ‡, 熱ねつ †
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 熱ねつ
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 熱ねつ
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 熱ねつ
Xi'an 熱ねつ
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 熱ねつ
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 熱ねつ
Wuhan 熱ねつ
Guilin 熱ねつ
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 熱ねつ
Yangzhou 熱ねつ, 暖だん †
Hefei 熱ねつ
Cantonese Guangzhou 熱ねつ, 㷫
Hong Kong 熱ねつ, 㷫
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 熱ねつ
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 熱ねつ
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 熱ねつ
Taishan 熱ねつ
Dongguan 熱ねつ, 㷫
Yangjiang 熱ねつ
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 熱ねつ
Singapore (Guangfu) 熱ねつ, 燒やき ‡
Gan Nanchang 熱ねつ
Lichuan 熱ねつ
Pingxiang 熱ねつ
Hakka Meixian 燒やき, 熱ねつ
Xingning 燒やき
Huidong (Daling) 燒やき
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 滾たぎ
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 暖だん
Changting 燒やき
Wuping 燒やき
Wuping (Pingyu) 燒やき
Liancheng 燒やき
Ninghua 燒やき
Ruijin 滾たぎ
Shicheng 燒やき
Shangyou (Shexi) 滾たぎ
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 熱ねつ
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 熱ねつ
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 熱ねつ
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 熱ねつ
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 熱ねつ
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 熱ねつ
Hong Kong 燒やき, 熱ねつ †
Huizhou Jixi 熱ねつ
Jin Taiyuan 熱ねつ
Northern Min Jian'ou 燒やき, 熱ねつ †
Eastern Min Fuzhou 熱ねつ
Matsu 熱ねつ
Southern Min Xiamen 燒やき, 熱ねつ †
Xiamen (Tong'an) 燒やき
Quanzhou 燒やき, 熱ねつ
Zhangzhou 燒やき, 熱ねつ
Zhao'an 燒やき
Dongshan 熱ねつ
Taipei 燒やき GT, 熱ねつ †, GT
Penang (Hokkien) 燒やき ‡, 熱ねつ †
Singapore (Hokkien) 燒やき ‡, 熱ねつ †
Manila (Hokkien) 燒やき ‡, 熱ねつ †
Chaozhou 燒やき, 熱ねつ †
Shantou 燒やき, 熱ねつ †
Jieyang 燒やき ‡, 熱ねつ †
Bangkok (Teochew) 燒やき, 熱ねつ †
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 燒やき, 熱ねつ †
Singapore (Teochew) 燒やき ‡, 熱ねつ †
Leizhou 熱ねつ
Wenchang 燒やき
Haikou 燒やき, 燒やき熱ねつ
Qionghai 熱ねつ
Singapore (Hainanese) 燒やき ‡, 熱ねつ †
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 熱ねつ
Wu Shanghai 熱ねつ
Suzhou 熱ねつ
Wenzhou 熱ねつ
Jinhua 熱ねつ
Xiang Changsha 熱ねつ
Shuangfeng 熱ねつ
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified); † - describes the weather; ‡ - describes objects

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (熱ねつ):
  • → Japanese: 熱ねつ(ねつ) (netsu)
  • → Korean: 열(熱ねつ) (yeol)
  • → Vietnamese: nhiệt (熱ねつ)

Japanese

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See also 熱ねっする

Kanji

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熱ねつ

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. heat
  2. temperature
  3. fever
  4. mania
  5. passion

Readings

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Compounds

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Compounds

Etymology

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Kanji in this term
熱ねつ
ねつ
Grade: 4
goon
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

From Middle Chinese 熱ねつ (MC nyet).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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熱ねつ(ねつ) • (netsu) 

  1. fever
    物もの(もの)凄すご(すご)い熱ねつ(ねつ)を出で(だ)す
    monosugoi netsu o dasu
    to come down with a terrible fever
  2. (physics) heat

Suffix

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熱ねつ(ねつ) • (-netsu) 

  1. (informal) passion; mania; fever (towards an activity or topic)

References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林だいじりん [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新しん明解めいかい国語こくご辞典じてん [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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熱ねつ (eumhun 더울 열 (deoul yeol))

  1. hanja form? of 열 (“fever; heat”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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熱ねつ: Hán Việt readings: nhiệt[1]
熱ねつ: Nôm readings: nhét[2], nhẹt[2]

  1. chữ Hán form of nhiệt (“heat”).

References

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  1. ^ Trần (1999).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hồ (1976).
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