辣
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See also: 辢
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]辣 (Kangxi radical 160,
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1251, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38646
- Dae Jaweon: page 1731, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4040, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8FA3
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
辣 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 辢 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (
Etymology 1
[edit]Possibly cognate with 厲 (OC *m·rads),
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): na2
- Cantonese (Jyutping): laat6
- Gan (Wiktionary): lah7
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): lah4
- Northern Min (KCR): luòi / lă
- Eastern Min (BUC): lăk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8laq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): la6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: là
- Wade–Giles: la4
- Yale: là
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lah
- Palladius: ла (la)
- Sinological IPA (key): /lä⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: na2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: la
- Sinological IPA (key): /na²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: laat6
- Yale: laaht
- Cantonese Pinyin: laat9
- Guangdong Romanization: lad6
- Sinological IPA (key): /laːt̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: lah7
- Sinological IPA (key): /laʔ²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: la̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: lad
- Hagfa Pinyim: lad6
- Sinological IPA: /lat̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: lah4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /laʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: luòi / lă
- Sinological IPA (key): /luɛ⁴²/, /la²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: lăk
- Sinological IPA (key): /l̃aʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: la̍t
- Tâi-lô: la̍t
- Phofsit Daibuun: lat
- IPA (Xiamen): /lat̚⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /lat̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /lat̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Penang, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: loa̍h
- Tâi-lô: lua̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: loah
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /luaʔ¹²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /luaʔ²⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen, Penang): /luaʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
Note:
- la̍t - literary;
- loa̍h - vernacular (“spicy; cruel (Mainland China)”).
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 辣 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /la⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /la⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /lɑ⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /la²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /la⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /la²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /la²¹/ | |
Xining | /la⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /la¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /la¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /la²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /na²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /na³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /na²¹/ | |
Kunming | /la̠³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /lɑʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /lɐʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /laʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /lʌʔ⁵³/ | |
Hohhot | /laʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /laʔ¹/ |
Suzhou | /laʔ³/ | |
Hangzhou | /lɑʔ²/ | |
Wenzhou | /la²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /la²²/ |
Tunxi | /lɔ¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /la²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /nɒ²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /laʔ²/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /lat̚⁵/ |
Taoyuan | /lɑt̚⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /lat̚²/ |
Nanning | /ʟat̚²²/ | |
Hong Kong | /lɐt̚²/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /lat̚⁵/ /luaʔ⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /laʔ⁵/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /luɛ⁴²/ /la²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /la⁵/ /luaʔ⁵/ /luaʔ²/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /lua³³/ |
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə.rˤat/
- (Zhengzhang): /*raːd/
Definitions
[edit]辣
- spicy; hot; peppery; pungent; hot
- to be spicy; to be hot; to burn
- cruel; vicious
毒 辣 ― dúlà ― sinister
- a surname: La
Synonyms
[edit]- (spicy):
Dialectal synonyms of 辣 (“spicy”) [map]
- (cruel):
兇惡 /凶 恶 (xiōng'è)- 兇殘/
凶 残 (xiōngcán) - 兇狠/
凶 狠 (xiōnghěn) 兇猛 /凶猛 (xiōngměng)- 兇險/
凶 险 (xiōngxiǎn) 凶暴 (xiōngbào)- 厲害/厉害 (lìhài)
嚴酷 /严酷 (yánkù)強暴 /强暴 (qiángbào)忍 (rěn) (literary)惡 勢 /恶势 (Xiamen Hokkien)惡 毒 /恶毒 (èdú)惡 狠狠/恶狠狠 (èhěnhěn)慘 /惨 (cǎn) (literary, or in compounds)暴力 (bàolì)暴戾 (bàolì) (literary)暴虐 (bàonüè)- 暴躁 (bàozào)
橫 逆 /横 逆 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)殘 /残 (cán) (literary,or in compounds)殘忍 /残忍 (cánrěn)殘 暴/残 暴 (cánbào)殘酷 /残酷 (cánkù)毒 辣 (dúlà)烏 心 /乌心 (Min Nan)- 狠心 (hěnxīn)
- 狠毒 (hěndú)
- 狠狠 (hěnhěn)
- 猙獰/狰狞 (zhēngníng)
粗 殘 /粗 残 (Xiamen Hokkien)酷烈 (kùliè)野蠻 /野蛮 (yěmán)陰 功 /阴功 (jam1 gung1) (Cantonese)險惡 /险恶 (xiǎn'è)黑 心 (hēixīn)
Compounds
[edit]光 辣撻/光 辣挞吃 辣麵/吃 辣面吃 香 喝 辣- 哈辣
大 辣酥心 狠手辣 (xīnhěnshǒulà)托 辣斯撲 辣/扑辣放屁 辣臊 (fàngpìlàsāo)毒 辣 (dúlà)清光 滑 辣 (qīngguānghuálà)滑 辣- 潑辣/泼辣 (pōlà)
火 焦 火 辣火 辣 (huǒlà)熱 辣辣/热辣辣 (rèlàlà)- 甜不辣 (tiánbùlà)
- 甜辣醬/甜辣酱
- 甜酸
苦 辣 (tiánsuānkǔlà) 老 辣 (lǎolà)苦 辣薑 桂 老 辣/姜 桂 老 辣 (jiāngguìlǎolà)薑 越 老 越 辣/姜 越 老 越 辣 (jiāngyuèlǎoyuèlà)薑 還 是 老 的 辣/姜 还是老 的 辣 (jiāng háishì lǎo de là)虎 辣八蹼 辣辛辣 (xīnlà)- 辣乎乎
- 辣味 (làwèi)
- 辣妹 (làmèi)
- 辣子 (làzi)
- 辣實/辣实
- 辣手 (làshǒu)
- 辣拐
子 (làguǎizi) - 辣椒 (làjiāo)
- 辣氣/辣气
辣油 (làyóu)- 辣浪
- 辣燥
- 辣瓣
兒 醬/辣瓣儿酱 (làbànrjiàng) - 辣絲
絲 /辣丝丝 (làsīsī) - 辣菜 (làcài)
- 辣菜
根子 - 辣豁豁
- 辣貨/辣货
- 辣酥酥
- 辣醬/辣酱 (làjiàng)
- 辣雞/辣鸡 (làjī)
酸 甜苦辣 (suāntiánkǔlà)酸 辣湯/酸 辣汤 (suānlàtāng)鳳 辣子/凤辣子 麻 辣 (málà)黃 湯 辣水/黄 汤辣水 (huángtānglàshuǐ)
See also
[edit]Basic tastes in Chinese · | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
甜 (tián) | 鹹/咸 (xián) | 辣 (là) | 鮮味/鲜味 (xiānwèi) |
Etymology 2
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 辣 – see 焫 (“(of hot objects) to burn; to scald; to sear; very hot; scalding”). (This character is a variant form of 焫). |
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 辣 – see 垃 (“to be at; to be located at; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 垃). |
References
[edit]- “辣”, in
漢語 多功 能 字 庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1],香港 中 文 大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]辣
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: らち (rachi)
- Kan-on: らつ (ratsu, Jōyō)
- Kun: からい (karai, 辣い)、きびしい (kibishii, 辣しい)、むごい (mugoi, 辣い)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]辣 (eumhun 매울 랄 (mae'ul ral), word-initial (South Korea) 매울 날 (mae'ul nal))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]辣: Hán Việt readings: lạt[1][2][3]
辣: Nôm readings: lượt, lát[2], lướt[2], nhạt[2], nhợt[2]
References
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