休
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See also: 体
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Translingual[edit]
Stroke order | |||
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Han character[edit]
Derived characters[edit]
- 𠁫, 咻, 𡜨, 恘, 𢫩, 㳜, 㹯, 𭥶, 𣐾, 烌, 𪻜, 䏫, 𫃢, 𮔄, 䛙, 貅, 𮔏, 銝, 𩗆, 䮌,
鮴 , 𪘆 - 𠉟, 𠏕, 𩢮, 鵂(鸺), 𭓭, 茠, 𩂯, 髹, 庥, 㾋, 恷, 𤈢, 烋, 𪀪, 𰂥
References[edit]
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 96, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 440
- Dae Jaweon: page 203, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 117, character 18
- Unihan data for U+4F11
Chinese[edit]
simp. and trad. |
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Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Ideogrammic compound (
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jau1
- Gan (Wiktionary): xiu1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): xiou1
- Northern Min (KCR): hiú
- Eastern Min (BUC): hiĕu
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 1shieu
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): xiou1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siou
- Wade–Giles: hsiu1
- Yale: syōu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiou
- Palladius: сю (sju)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щю (xi͡u, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiou²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jau1
- Yale: yāu
- Cantonese Pinyin: jau1
- Guangdong Romanization: yeo1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɐu̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: xiu1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiu⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiû
- Hakka Romanization System: hiu´
- Hagfa Pinyim: hiu1
- Sinological IPA: /hi̯u²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: xiou1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕiəu¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hiú
- Sinological IPA (key): /xiu⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hiĕu
- Sinological IPA (key): /hieu⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: xiou1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯əu̯³³/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕiou⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /ɕiou⁴⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /ɕiou²¹/ | |
Jinan | /ɕiou²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /ɕiou²¹³/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ɕiou²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /ɕiou²¹/ | |
Xining | /ɕiɯ⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /ɕiəu⁴⁴/ | |
Lanzhou | /ɕiou³¹/ | |
Ürümqi | /ɕiɤu⁴⁴/ | |
Wuhan | /ɕiəu⁵⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /ɕiəu⁵⁵/ | |
Guiyang | /ɕiəu⁵⁵/ | |
Kunming | /ɕiəu⁴⁴/ | |
Nanjing | /ɕiəɯ³¹/ | |
Hefei | /ɕiɯ²¹/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕiəu¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /ɕiəu¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /ɕiəu³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ɕiɤ⁵³/ |
Suzhou | /ɕiɤ⁵⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /ɕiø³³/ | |
Wenzhou | /ɕau³³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /ɕiu³¹/ |
Tunxi | /siu¹¹/ ~ /ɕiu¹¹/ ~ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /ɕiəu³³/ |
Xiangtan | /ɕiəɯ³³/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /ɕiu⁴²/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /hiu⁴⁴/ |
Taoyuan | /hiu²⁴/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jɐu⁵³/ |
Nanning | /jɐu⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /jɐu⁵⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hiu⁵⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /hieu⁴⁴/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xiu⁵⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /hĩu³³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /hiu²³/ |
- Middle Chinese: xjuw
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰ(r)u/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qʰu/
Definitions[edit]
- to rest; to relax
- joyous; happy
- (archaic, literary) glory; virtue; goodness (what is worthy of praise and celebration)
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Hǔ bài qǐshǒu, duì yáng Wáng xiū. [Pinyin]
- Hu bowed with his head to the ground,
And in response displayed the goodness of the King.
虎 拜 稽首,對 揚 王 休 。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]虎 拜 稽首,对扬王 休 。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (archaic, literary) bliss; auspicious omen
- 此
- From: Zhanguo Ce, circa 5th – 3rd centuries BCE
- Cǐ sān zǐ zhě, jiē bùyī zhī shì yě; huái nù wèi fā, xiū jìn jiàng yú tiān, yǔ chén ér jiāng sì yǐ. [Pinyin]
- All of those three worthy men were heroes among humble commoners who, having not even released their wrath, saw omens auspicious to their heroic deeds and ruinous to their opponents dispatched by Heaven. Now, with me, there is about to be a fourth.
三 子 者 ,皆 布衣 之 士 也;懷 怒 未 發 ,休 祲降 於天 ,與 臣 而將 四 矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
此三 子 者 ,皆 布衣 之 士 也;怀怒 未 发,休 祲降 于天 ,与 臣 而将 四 矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to stop; to cease
喋喋 不 休 ― diédiébùxiū ― to talk endlessly
- to retire
- (historical) to cast off one’s wife and send her home; to divorce one's wife
- do not; don't
- a surname
- A transliteration of the English male given name Hugh
休 ·傑 克 曼/休 ·杰克曼 ― Xiū Jiékèmàn ― Hugh Jackman
Compounds[edit]
不休 (bùxiū)不眠 不休 (bùmiánbùxiū)不 肯干休 不能 自 休 中休 (zhōngxiū)- 乞休
介 休 (Jièxiū)休 休 休 假 (xiūjià)休 克 (xiūkè)休 兵 (xiūbīng)休刊 (xiūkān)休 命 休 咎 休 士 頓 市 /休 士 顿市休 妻 (xiūqī)休 嫌 休學 /休学 (xiūxué)休 屠 休 崙湖/休 仑湖休 市 (xiūshì)休 徵 /休 征 休 怪 休息 休息 室 休 想 (xiūxiǎng)休憩 (xiūqì)休 戈 休戚 (xiūqī)休戚 相關 /休戚 相 关 (xiūqīxiāngguān)休 戚與共 /休 戚与共 (xiūqīyǔgòng)休戰 /休 战 (xiūzhàn)休 提 休 明 休暇 (xiūxiá)休 書 /休 书 (xiūshū)休會 /休会 (xiūhuì)休業 /休 业 (xiūyè)休業 式 /休 业式休 歇 (xiūxiē)休止 (xiūzhǐ)休止 符 (xiūzhǐfú)休 沐休 漁期 /休 渔期 (xiūyúqī)休火山 (xiūhuǒshān)休 烈 休 牛 放 馬 /休 牛 放 马休 牛 散 馬 /休 牛 散 马休 牛 歸 馬 /休 牛 归马休眠 (xiūmián)休眠 期 休眠 火山 (xiūmián huǒshān)休 管 休耕 (xiūgēng)休職 /休 职 (xiūzhí)休 致 (xiūzhì)休診 /休 诊 (xiūzhěn)休 閒 /休 闲 (xiūxián)休 閒 活動 /休 闲活动休 離 /休 离休養 /休 养 (xiūyǎng)休養 生息 /休 养生息 (xiūyǎngshēngxī)何 休 便 休 公休 (gōngxiū)刺 刺 不休 - 勒休
同 休 共 戚呶呶 不休 (náonáobùxiū)喋喋 不休 (diédiébùxiū)善 罷 干 休 善 罷 甘 休 /善 罢甘休 (shànbàgānxiū)天 休 (tiānxiū)奪 休 /夺休官 休 干 休 (gānxiū)意 休 不休 - 按甲
休 兵 旬 休 更 休 棘 棘 不休 榮 休 /荣休 (róngxiū)欲 說 還 休 /欲 说还休 欲 語 還 休 /欲 语还休 歸休 /归休無 了 無休 /无了无休無 疆之休 /无疆之 休 無盡 無休 /无尽无休 (wújìnwúxiū)燠 休 甘 休 (gānxiū)病 休 (bìngxiū)皮 日 休 萬事 皆 休 /万事 皆 休 - 紹休
聖 緒 /绍休圣绪 - 絮絮
不休 罷 休 /罢休 (bàxiū)- 耶律
休 哥 至 死 方 休 與國 同 休 /与国 同 休 與 民 休息 /与 民 休息 西 合 休 (Xīhéxiū)解 甲 休 兵 解 甲 休 士 - 討休/讨休
話 休 絮煩/话休絮烦誓 不 甘 休 貫 休 /贯休買 休 /买休買 休 賣 休 /买休卖休輪 休 /轮休 (lúnxiū)退 休 (tuìxiū)退 休 金 (tuìxiūjīn)長 休 告 /长休告 長 休 飯 /长休饭- 雖休勿休/虽休勿休
離 休 /离休 (líxiū)風 休 冰解/风休冰解
References[edit]
- “Entry #2059”, in
臺灣 閩南語 常用 詞 辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023. - Proper Names And Translation Service, Xinhua News Agency, editor (1993), “Hugh
休 ”, in世界 人名 翻 译大辞典 [Names of The Worlds Peoples: A comprehensive dictionary of names in Roman-Chinese] (in Chinese), Beijing: China Translation & Publishing Corporation, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 1315: “西方 男子 教 名 ,亦 作 姓 用 ”.
Japanese[edit]
See also 休 する
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: く (ku)
- Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)←きう (kiu, historical)
- Kun: やすまる (yasumaru,
休 まる, Jōyō); やすむ (yasumu,休 む, Jōyō); やすめる (yasumeru,休 める, Jōyō); いこう (ikou,休 う)←いこふ (ikofu,休 ふ, historical); やすみ (yasumi,休 み); やすらい (yasurai,休 らい)←やすらひ (yasurafi,休 らひ, historical); やすらう (yasurau,休 らう)←やすらふ (yasurafu,休 らふ, historical); やむ (yamu,休 む); やめる (yameru,休 める); ゆくゆく (yukuyuku,休 く); よい (yoi,休 い) - Nanori: たね (tane); のぶ (nobu); やす (yasu); やすみ (yasumi); やすむ (yasumu); よし (yoshi)
Noun[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Compounds containing 休
休 意 (kyūi, “peace, tranquility”)休 演 (kyūen, “suspending performance”)休 暇 (kyūka, “holiday, day off”)休 火 山 (kyūkazan, “dormant volcano”)休 会 (kyūkai, “adjournment, recess”)休 学 (kyūgaku, “suspension of studies”)休 刊 (kyūkan, “suspension of publication”)休 閑 (kyūkan, “fallowing”)休 館 (kyūkan, “library or museum closure”)休 漁 (kyūryō, “suspension of fishing”)休 業 (kyūgyō, “business closure”)休 憩 (kyūkei, “rest”)休 校 (kyūkō, “school closure”)休 耕 (kyūkō, “lying fallow”)休 航 (kyūkō, “suspension of sailing”)休 講 (kyūkō, “canceled lecture”)休 載 (kyūsai, “suspension of publication”)休 止 (kyūshi, “pause”)休 祥 (kyūshō, “good omen”)休 場 (kyūjō, “theater closure, stage absence”)休 職 (kyūshoku, “suspension from office”)休 心 (kyūshin, “rest assured”)休 診 (kyūshin, “temporary closing of doctor's office”)休 錘 (kyūsui, “suspension of fabric factory operations”)休 戚 (kyūseki, “joy and sorrow”)休 戦 (kyūsen, “truce, armistice”)休 息 (kyūsoku, “rest, relaxation”)足 休 (ashiyasume, “resting feet”)休 怠 (kyūtai, “laziness”)休 廷 (kyūtei, “court recess”)休 転 (kyūten, “suspension of operations”)休 電 (kyūden, “electricity outage”)休 日 (kyūjitsu, “holiday, day off”)休 泊 所 (kyūhakujo, “resting place”)休 符 (kyūfu, “rest (in music)”)休 眠 (kyūmin, “idle”)休 養 (kyūyō, “rest”)運 休 (unkyū)
Related terms[edit]
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese
Historical readings |
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Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [çu]
- Phonetic hangul: [휴]
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (
國際 退 溪 學會 大邱 慶 北 支部 ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子 字典 . [1]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References[edit]
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading きゅう
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading やす-まる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading やす-む
- Japanese kanji with kun reading やす-める
- Japanese kanji with kun reading いこ-う
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading いこ-ふ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading やす-み
- Japanese kanji with kun reading やす-らい
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading やす-らひ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading やす-らう
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading やす-らふ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading や-む
- Japanese kanji with kun reading や-める
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ゆくゆ-く
- Japanese kanji with kun reading よ-い
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading たね
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading のぶ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading やす
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading やすみ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading やすむ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading よし
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