吸
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]吸 (Kangxi radical 30,
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 179, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3372
- Dae Jaweon: page 397, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 594, character 1
- Unihan data for U+5438
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 吸 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 吸 | |
alternative forms | 噏 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): qi2 / xi2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): щи (xi, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): xit6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): xieh4
- Northern Min (KCR): hĭ
- Eastern Min (BUC): só̤h / ngék
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7shiq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ji6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: si
- Wade–Giles: hsi1
- Yale: syī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
- Palladius: си (si)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: qi2 / xi2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ki / xi
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹/, /ɕi²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щи (xi, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kap1
- Yale: kāp
- Cantonese Pinyin: kap7
- Guangdong Romanization: keb1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɐp̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: kip2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰip̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: xit6
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕit̚⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khip
- Hakka Romanization System: kib`
- Hagfa Pinyim: kib5
- Sinological IPA: /kʰip̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: xieh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕiəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hĭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /xi²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: só̤h / ngék
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɔʔ²⁴/, /ŋɛiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- hip - literary;
- khip - vernacular.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 吸 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕi⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /ɕi⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /ɕi⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /ɕi²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /ɕi²¹³/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ɕi²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /ɕi²¹/ | |
Xining | /ɕji⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /ɕi¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ɕi¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ɕi²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /ɕi²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡ɕi³¹/ /ɕi³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕi²¹/ /ɕi²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ɕi³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /ɕiʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /ɕiəʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕiəʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /ɕiʌʔ¹³/ /t͡ɕʰiʌʔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /ɕiəʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ɕiɪʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /ɕiəʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /ɕiəʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /ɕai²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /ɕiʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /ɕi⁵/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /ɕiʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /kʰip̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /kʰip̚⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kʰɐp̚⁵/ |
Nanning | /kʰɐp̚⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /kʰɐp̚⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hip̚³²/ /kʰip̚³²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /hɛiʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xi²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /kʰip̚²/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /lip̚⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: xip
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰ(r)əp/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qʰrɯb/
Definitions
[edit]吸
- to breath in; to inhale
- 藐
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
- Miǎo Gūyè zhī shān, yǒu shénrén jū yān, jīfū ruò bīngxuě, nàoyuē ruò chùzǐ, bù shí wǔgǔ, xīfēngyǐnlù. [Pinyin]
- Far away on the hill of Gu Ye there dwelt a Spirit-like man whose flesh and skin were (smooth) as ice and (white) as snow; that his manner was elegant and delicate as that of a virgin; that he did not eat any of the five grains, but inhaled the wind and drank the dew.
姑 射 之 山 ,有 神人 居 焉,肌 膚 若 冰雪,淖約若 處 子 ,不 食 五穀 ,吸風 飲 露 。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
藐姑 射 之 山 ,有 神人 居 焉,肌 肤若 冰雪,淖约若 处子,不 食 五谷 ,吸风饮露 。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to suck; to drink
- 吸奶 ― xīnǎi ― to suckle; to suck milk
- 吸
- From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE, translated based on David Hawkes' version
- Xī fēiquán zhī wēi yè xī, huái wǎnyǎn zhī huáyīng. [Pinyin]
- I sipped the subtle liquor of the Flying Spring,
And held in my bosom the flower-bright wan-yan jewel.
飛泉 之 微 液 兮,懷 琬琰之 華 英 。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
吸飞泉之 微 液 兮,怀琬琰之 华英。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to absorb
- to attract
- a surname: Xi
Synonyms
[edit]- (to smoke): 抽 (chōu)
- (to absorb):
- (to attract):
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “to breathe in”):
呼 (hū)
Compounds
[edit]上 呼吸 道 (shànghūxīdào)人工 呼吸 (réngōng hūxī)- 內
呼吸 /内 呼吸 反 吸吸入 (xīrù)吸入 治療 /吸入 治 疗 (xīrù zhìliáo)- 吸力 (xīlì)
- 吸力豁剌
吸取 (xīqǔ)- 吸吮 (xīshǔn)
- 吸吸
- 吮吸 (shǔnxī)
- 吸器
- 吸塵
器 /吸尘器 (xīchénqì) 吸引 (xīyǐn)吸引 力 (xīyǐnlì)- 吸振
器 吸收 (xīshōu)吸收 劑 量 /吸收 剂量吸收 口 - 吸毒 (xīdú)
吸氣 /吸气 (xīqì)吸水 力 吸水 管 吸油 煙 機 /吸油 烟 机 - 吸溼
性 /吸湿 性 - 吸熱
反應 /吸热反 应 (xīrè fǎnyìng) - 吸熱
玻璃 /吸热玻璃 吸盤 /吸盘 (xīpán)- 吸管 (xīguǎn)
- 吸納/吸纳 (xīnà)
- 吸聲
材料 /吸声材料 - 吸膠/吸胶
- 吸芽
- 吸菸/吸烟 (xīyān)
吸血 蛭 吸血 蟲 /吸血 虫 吸血鬼 (xīxuèguǐ)- 吸鐵
石 /吸铁石 (xītiěshí) - 吸附 (xīfù)
- 吸附
作用 - 吸風
飲 露 /吸风饮露 (xīfēngyǐnlù) - 吸食 (xīshí)
- 吸墨
紙 /吸墨纸 (xīmòzhǐ) 呼吸 (hūxī)呼吸 作用 (hūxī zuòyòng)- 咀吸
口 呼吸 吐納/呼吸 吐纳呼吸 器 (hūxīqì)呼吸 器官 呼吸 孔 呼吸 根 呼吸 相 通 (hūxīxiāngtōng)呼吸 系統 /呼吸 系 统 (hūxī xìtǒng)呼吸 道 (hūxīdào)呼吸 運動 /呼吸 运动呼吸 音 (hūxīyīn)- 噓吸/
嘘 吸 外 呼吸 - 敲骨吸髓 (qiāogǔ xīsuǐ)
有 氧呼吸 - 欻吸
深呼吸 (shēnhūxī)空 吸肝 吸蟲/肝 吸虫肺 吸蟲/肺 吸虫 (fèixīchóng)肺 呼吸 腹式呼吸 虹 吸作用 虹 吸現象 /虹 吸现象 虹 吸管血 吸蟲/血 吸虫 (xuèxīchóng)血 吸蟲病 /血 吸虫病 (xuèxīchóngbìng)- 餐風吸露/餐风吸露
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 吸 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
吸󠄁 吸+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
![]() |
吸󠄃 吸+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]吸
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: こう (kō)←こふ (kofu, historical)
- Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)←きふ (kifu, historical)
- Kun: すう (suu,
吸 う, Jōyō)←すふ (sufu, 吸ふ, historical)
References
[edit]- ^ “吸”, in
漢字 ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 吸 (MC xip). Recorded as Middle Korean 흡〮 (húp) (Yale: hup) in Hunmong Jahoe (
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Compounds
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (
國際 退 溪 學會 大邱 慶 北 支部 ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子 字典 . [2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]吸: Hán Việt readings: hấp
吸: Nôm readings: cộp, cạp, hấp, hớp, húp, hút
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
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