糖
(Redirected from -糖 )
See also: 醣
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 911, character 38
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27070
- Dae Jaweon: page 1338, character 29
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3157, character 7
- Unihan data for U+7CD6
Chinese
[edit]trad. | ||
---|---|---|
simp. | ||
2nd round simp. | 𰪩 | |
alternative forms | 餹/ 饄 糛 𥼽/𥹥 𥽻 | |
醣 - “saccharide” |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
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Phono-semantic compound (
Etymology
[edit]Original meaning was “sweet rice cake” or “sugar syrup”. Cognate with 餳 (OC *ljaːŋ).
Compare Proto-Lingao lhaŋ2 ("sugar"), whence Lincheng /haŋ˧/, Qiongshan /liaŋ˩˧/.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tang2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): тон (ton, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): tong2
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ton1
- Northern Min (KCR): tô̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): tòng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6daon
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dan2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: táng
- Wade–Giles: tʻang2
- Yale: táng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarng
- Palladius: тан (tan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɑŋ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: tang2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tang
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰaŋ²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: тон (ton, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɑŋ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: tong4 / tong4-2
- Yale: tòhng / tóng
- Cantonese Pinyin: tong4 / tong4-2
- Guangdong Romanization: tong4 / tong4-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɔːŋ²¹/, /tʰɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- tong4 - “sugar”;
- tong4-2 - “candy”.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: hong3 / hong3*
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɔŋ²²/, /hɔŋ²²⁻²²⁵/
Note:
- hong3 - “sugar”;
- hong3* - “candy”.
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: tong2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɔŋ²⁴/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thòng
- Hakka Romanization System: tongˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: tong2
- Sinological IPA: /tʰoŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ton1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰxɒ̃¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tô̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɔŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: tòng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰouŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Yongchun, Zhangpu, Changtai, General Taiwanese, Penang, Singapore, Philippines, Medan, Klang)
- (Hokkien: Changtai, Longyan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thôⁿ
- Tâi-lô: thônn
- Phofsit Daibuun: tvoo
- IPA (Changtai): /tʰɔ̃²⁴/
- IPA (Longyan): /tʰõ¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Changtai, General Taiwanese, Penang, Singapore, Philippines, Medan)
- (Hokkien: Longyan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thâng
- Tâi-lô: thâng
- Phofsit Daibuun: taang
- IPA (Longyan): /tʰaŋ¹¹/
Note:
- thn̂g/thôⁿ - vernacular;
- thông/thâng - literary.
Note:
- to5 - vernacular;
- tang5 - literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /tʰɑŋ³⁵/ |
Harbin | /tʰaŋ²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /tʰɑŋ⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /tʰaŋ⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /tʰaŋ⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /tʰaŋ⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /tʰaŋ²⁴/ | |
Xining | /tʰɔ̃²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /tʰɑŋ⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /tʰɑ̃⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /tʰɑŋ⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /tʰaŋ²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /tʰaŋ³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /tʰaŋ²¹/ | |
Kunming | /tʰã̠¹/ | |
Nanjing | /tʰaŋ²⁴/ | |
Hefei | /tʰɑ̃⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /tʰɒ̃¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /tʰɑŋ¹³/ /tɑŋ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /tʰɑ̃³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /dɑ̃²³/ |
Suzhou | /dɑ̃¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /dɑŋ²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /duɔ³¹/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /tʰa⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | /tʰau¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /tan¹³/ |
Xiangtan | /dɔn¹²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /tʰɔŋ²⁴/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /tʰoŋ¹¹/ |
Taoyuan | /tʰoŋ¹¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /tʰɔŋ²¹/ |
Nanning | /tʰɔŋ²¹/ | |
Hong Kong | /tʰɔŋ²¹/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tʰɔŋ³⁵/ /tʰŋ̍³⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tʰouŋ⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /tʰɔŋ³³/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /tʰɯŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /ho³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese: dang
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.lˤaŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*l'aːŋ/
Definitions
[edit]- sugar
- Short for
糖 果 (tángguǒ). sweets; candy; lollies; confectionery (Classifier: 顆/颗 m;粒 c) - (organic chemistry) saccharide; carbohydrate
- † to preserve food in alcohol or alcohol dregs
- From: The Book of Southern Qi, by Xiao Zixian, 6th century CE
- Xiè zhī jiāng táng, zàorǎo mí shèn. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
蟹 之 將 糖 ,躁擾彌 甚。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]蟹 之 将 糖 ,躁扰弥 甚。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
- (Internet slang, figurative) loveable and likeable, cute
- 撒
糖 ― sǎtáng ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 撒
- (transgender slang, figurative) HRT (hormone replacement therapy) drugs, especially pills
Synonyms
[edit]- (sweets):
Compounds
[edit]丁丁 糖 (dīngdīngtáng)丙 糖 (bǐngtáng)- 乞糖
乳糖 (rǔtáng)二 糖 (èrtáng)五 碳糖 (wǔtàntáng)代 糖 (dàitáng)低 血糖 (dīxuètáng)來 蘇 糖 /来 苏糖 (láisūtáng)六 碳糖 (liùtàntáng)- 冰糖 (bīngtáng)
- 冰糖
壺 盧 /冰糖壶卢 - 冰糖
葫 蘆 /冰糖葫 芦 (bīngtáng húlu) - 冰花
糖 升 糖 指數 (shēngtáng zhǐshù)半 乳糖 (bànrǔtáng)南 糖 口 香 糖 (kǒuxiāngtáng)- 吹糖
- 吹糖
人 - 吹糖
人 兒 /吹糖人 儿 喜 糖 (xǐtáng)單 糖 /单糖 (dāntáng)四 碳糖多 糖 (duōtáng)多 糖 體 /多 糖 体 太 妃 糖 (tàifēitáng)- 寡糖 (guǎtáng)
寶塔 糖 /宝塔 糖 寶 糖 /宝 糖 己 糖 (jǐtáng)庚 糖 戊 糖 (wùtáng)- 扭股
兒 糖 /扭股儿糖 - 拿糖
- 拿糖
作 醋 方 糖 (fāngtáng)木 糖 (mùtáng)木 聚糖木 酮糖 (mùtóngtáng)果 味 膠 糖 /果 味 胶糖果 寡糖果糖 (guǒtáng)桂 糖 核 糖 (hétáng)核 糖 核酸 (hétánghésuān)核 糖 體 /核 糖 体 (hétángtǐ)桂 花 糖 核 酮糖 (hétóngtáng)條 兒 糖 /条 儿糖條 糖 兒 /条 糖 儿梨 膏 糖 (lígāotáng)棒 棒 糖 (bàngbàngtáng)棒 糖 (bàngtáng)棉花 糖 (miánhuātáng)楓 糖 /枫糖 (fēngtáng)- 槭糖漿/槭糖浆 (cùtángjiāng)
橄欖 糖 /橄榄糖 - 欖糖/榄糖
- 氨基葡糖
- 氨基
葡萄糖 水 果糖 沙 糖 (shātáng)波 板 糖 (bōbǎntáng)泡 泡 口 香 糖 泡 泡 糖 (pàopàotáng)洗心 糖 洋 糖 混 糖 - 澆切
糖 /浇切糖 無 糖 /无糖 (wútáng)焦 糖 (jiāotáng)熬 糖 牛 奶糖 (niúnǎitáng)牛皮 糖 - 猊糖
獸 糖 /兽糖琥珀 糖 - 甜菊
糖 畫 糖 /画 糖 白 砂糖 (báishātáng)白 糖 (báitáng)砂糖 (shātáng)砂糖 魚 兒 /砂糖 鱼儿破 米 糟 糖 硬 糖 (yìngtáng)- 窠絲
糖 /窠丝糖 - 窩絲
糖 /窝丝糖 糖 人 (tángrén)糖 人 兒 /糖 人 儿糖 元 糖分 (tángfèn)糖化 (tánghuà)糖 原 (tángyuán)糖 婚 糖尿 病 (tángniàobìng)糖 廠 /糖 厂 (tángchǎng)糖 彈 /糖 弹 (tángdàn)糖 房 糖 果 (tángguǒ)糖 水 (tángshuǐ)糖 汁 糖 漿/糖 浆 (tángjiāng)糖 炒 栗子 糖 瓜 糖 異 生 /糖 异生 (tángyìshēng)糖 皮質 激 素 /糖 皮 质激素 (tángpízhìjīsù)糖 稀 糖 粉 (tángfěn)糖 精 (tángjīng)糖 紙 /糖 纸糖 罐 糖 脂 (tángzhī)糖 舌 蜜 口 糖 苷 (tánggān)糖 苷類/糖 苷类糖 萼 糖 葫 蘆 /糖 葫 芦 (tánghúlu)糖 蒜 (tángsuàn)糖 蘿蔔/糖 萝卜 (tángluóbo)糖 蛋白 (tángdànbái)糖蜜 (tángmì)糖 蟹 糖衣 (tángyī)糖衣 炮彈/糖衣 炮弹 (tángyī pàodàn)糖 解 作用 糖 質 新生 /糖 质新生 (tángzhìxīnshēng)糖 酯糖 酵解 (tángjiàojiě)糖 醋 (tángcù)糖 醇 (tángchún)糖 醋 肉 (tángcùròu)糖 醋 里 脊糖 醋 魚 /糖 醋 鱼糖 霜 (tángshuāng)糖類 /糖 类 (tánglèi)糖 食 (tángshí)糖 餅 /糖 饼 (tángbǐng)紅 糖 /红糖 (hóngtáng)綿 白 糖 /绵白糖 (miánbáitáng)綿 糖 /绵糖 (miántáng)繭 糖 /茧糖肝 糖 (gāntáng)- 肽聚
糖 (tàijùtáng) 脫 氧核糖 /脱 氧核糖 (tuōyǎng hétáng)膠 姆糖/胶姆糖 (jiāomǔtáng)菊 糖 - 葡糖 (pútáng)
葡萄糖 (pútáotáng)蔗糖 (zhètáng)蜂 糖 (fēngtáng)- 蠟糖
人 /蜡糖人 血糖 (xuètáng)- 詹糖
賣 糖 /卖糖- 軟糖/软糖 (ruǎntáng)
轉化 糖 /转化糖 透 糖 遼 花 糖 /辽花糖 配 糖 體 /配 糖 体 (pèitángtǐ)- 酥糖
- 酮糖 (tóngtáng)
- 醛糖 (quántáng)
鉤 子 麻 糖 /钩子麻 糖 關東 糖 /关东糖 阿 拉 伯 糖 (ālābótáng)雙 糖 /双 糖 (shuāngtáng)霜 糖 響 糖 /响糖響 糖 獅子 /响糖狮子食 糖 (shítáng)飴 糖 /饴糖 (yítáng)- 餳糖/饧糖
饗 糖 /飨糖高 血糖 (gāoxuètáng)高 血糖 症 麥芽糖 /麦芽糖 (màiyátáng)麻 糖 (mátáng)麻 酥糖黃 糖 /黄 糖 (huángtáng)黃 繭 糖 /黄 茧糖黑糖 (hēitáng)鼻 凹糖
Descendants
[edit]Others:
References
[edit]- “
糖 ”, in漢語 多功 能 字 庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1],香港 中 文 大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014– - Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (
教育 部 異體 字 字典 ), A03070
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | ||
Kyūjitai [1] |
糖 糖 or ︀ ?
|
![]() |
󠄀 ?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit](Sixth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 糖)
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: どう (dō)←だう (dau, historical)
- Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)←たう (tau, historical)
- Tō-on: たん (tan)
- Kun: あめ (ame,
糖 ) - Nanori: あら (ara)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
果 糖 (katō): fructose血 糖 (kettō): blood sugar砂 糖 (satō): sugar- 蔗
糖 (shotō): sucrose 西 瓜 糖 (suikatō): watermelon sugar, sugar made by concentrating watermelon juice糖 衣 (tōi)糖 化 (tōka): saccharification糖 原 (tōgen): glycogen糖 尿 病 (tōnyōbyō)糖 分 (tōbun)糖 類 (tōrui)乳 糖 (nyūtō): lactose麦 芽 糖 (bakugatō): maltose楓 糖 (fūtō): maple sugar- 葡萄
糖 (budōtō): glucose
Kanji in this term |
---|
とう Grade: 6 |
on'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914)
漢和 大 辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, , page 1635 (paper), page 869 (digital) - ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),
大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN - ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK
日本語 発音 アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Chinese
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean 따ᇰ (Yale: ttang) in Dongguk Jeongun (
東國 正 韻 / 동국정운), 1448. - Recorded as Middle Korean 다ᇰ (tang) (Yale: tang) in Hunmong Jahoe (
訓蒙 字 會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ta̠ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [당]
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Compounds
Etymology 2
[edit]From Early Mandarin
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [tʰa̠ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [탕]
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (
國際 退 溪 學會 大邱 慶 北 支部 ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子 字典 . [2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
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