便びん

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See also: 使つかい
便びん U+4FBF, 便
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4FBF
← 侾
[U+4FBE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 俀 →
[U+4FC0]

便 U+F965, 便
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F965
← 磻
[U+F964] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 復 →
[U+F966]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
9 strokes

Han character[edit]

便びん (Kangxi radical 9, 人ひと+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人ひと一いち中大ちゅうだい (OMLK), four-corner 21246, composition ⿰亻更さら)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 103, character 32
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 659
  • Dae Jaweon: page 219, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 157, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4FBF

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 便びん

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 便びん
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Bronze inscriptions

b12352

Small seal script

s05800

Transcribed ancient scripts

L32033

L32034

L32035

L32036

L32037

L32038

L32039

L32040

L32041

L07218

L07219

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (便びん) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鞭むち *pen
鯾 *pen
箯 *pen, *ben
便びん *ben, *bens
緶 *ben, *peːnʔ
楩 *ben, *benʔ

According to Shuowen, an ideogrammic compound (會意かいい／会意かいい) : 亻 (“person”) + 更さら (“to change”) – to change one's posture to make oneself comfortable.

Alternatively, this may be the original character for 鞭むち (OC *pen, “to whip”), from 人ひと (“person”) + 𠓥 (“whip”), as seen in the bronze script.

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • biêng6 - Chaozhou;
  • biang6 - Shantou.
Rime
Character 便びん
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲こえ) 並なみ (3)
Final (韻いん) 仙せん (77)
Tone (調しらべ) Departing (H)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) III
Fanqie 婢面めん切きり
Baxter bjienH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/biᴇnH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/biɛnH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/bjænH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/bianH/
Li
Rong 		/biɛnH/
Wang
Li 		/bĭɛnH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱi̯ɛnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		biàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bin6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 便びん
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		biàn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bjienH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[b]e[n]-s/
English comfortable; advantageous

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 便びん
Reading # 2/2
No. 778
Phonetic
component 		便びん
Rime
group 		元もと
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		便びん
Old
Chinese 		/*bens/

Definitions[edit]

便びん

  1. convenient; handy
    方ほう便びん  ―  fāngbiàn  ―  convenient, suitable
    便びん利り  ―  biànlì  ―  convenient, easy
    簡便びん／简便びん  ―  jiǎnbiàn  ―  convenient, handy
  2. to go a long way in; to serve the interests of; to benefit; to make convenient
  3. nimble; agile
  4. informal; ordinary; plain
    便びん衣ころも  ―  biànyī  ―  civilian clothes
    便びん服ふく  ―  biànfú  ―  casual clothes
    便びん函はこ  ―  biànhán  ―  informal letter
  5. human waste; excretion
    小しょう便びん  ―  xiǎobiàn  ―  to urinate
    大だい便びん  ―  dàbiàn  ―  to defecate
    便びん器うつわ  ―  biànqì  ―  toilet
    糞くそ便びん／粪便びん  ―  fènbiàn  ―  excrement, feces
  6. soon afterward; as soon as
    警察けいさつ一いち到いた現場げんば，人ひと群ぐん便びん四散しさん離はなれ去さ。 [MSC, trad.]
    警察けいさつ一いち到いた现场，人ひと群ぐん便びん四散しさん离去。 [MSC, simp.]
    Jǐngchá yī dào xiànchǎng, rénqún biàn sìsàn líqù. [Pinyin]
    The crowd soon dissipated when the police arrived.
    他た到いた了りょう日本にっぽん，不ふ久ひさ便びん發はつ了りょう洋よう財ざい。 [MSC, trad.]
    他た到いた了りょう日本にっぽん，不ふ久ひさ便びん发了りょう洋よう财。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā dào le rìběn, bùjiǔ biàn fā le yángcái. [Pinyin]
    He went to Japan and soon made a big fortune.
    他た二に十じゅう幾いく歲とし便びん開始かいし謝しゃ頂いただき。 [MSC, trad.]
    他た二に十じゅう几岁便びん开始谢顶。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā èrshí jǐ suì biàn kāishǐ xièdǐng. [Pinyin]
    He started going bald in his twenties.
  7. then
    他た一いち得とく空むなし便びん跑出で去ざ玩。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    Tā yī dékòng biàn pǎochūqù wán. [Pinyin]
    As soon as gets free, he (then) runs out to play.
  8. even if; even though

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: vernacular.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: biêng6 / biang6 / pin1 / piang6
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: piĕng / piăng / phiⁿ / phiăng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pieŋ³⁵/, /piaŋ³⁵/, /pʰĩ³³/, /pʰiaŋ³⁵/
Note:
Rime
Character 便びん
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲こえ) 並なみ (3)
Final (韻いん) 仙せん (77)
Tone (調しらべ) Level (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) III
Fanqie 房ぼう連れん切きり
Baxter bjien
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/biᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/biɛn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/bjæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/bian/
Li
Rong 		/biɛn/
Wang
Li 		/bĭɛn/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱi̯ɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		pián
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		pin4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 便びん
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		pián
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bjien ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[b]e[n]/
English glib-tongued

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 便びん
Reading # 1/2
No. 773
Phonetic
component 		便びん
Rime
group 		元もと
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		便びん
Old
Chinese 		/*ben/
Notes 金きむ文ぶん象ぞう執と鞭むち抽人ひと背せ，
右みぎ爲ため鞭むち初はつ文ぶん，非ひ更さら字じ

Definitions[edit]

便びん

  1. † quiet and comfortable
  2. † slim and graceful
  3. † nimble
  4. † eloquent
  5. cheap; inexpensive
    便びん宜むべ  ―  piányi  ―  cheap

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

便びん

  1. (Cantonese, non-productive) Suffix for locational nouns; side

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

便びん

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms

Related terms[edit]

Related terms

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
便びん
べん
Grade: 4
goon

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

便びん(べん) • (ben) -na (adnominal 便びん(べん)な (ben na), adverbial 便びん(べん)に (ben ni))

  1. convenient
Inflection[edit]
Inflection of 便びん
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然みぜん形がた) 便びんだろ べんだろ ben daro
Continuative (連用形れんようけい) 便びんで べんで ben de
Terminal (終止しゅうし形がた) 便びんだ べんだ ben da
Attributive (連体れんたい形がた) 便びんな べんな ben na
Hypothetical (仮定かてい形がた) 便びんなら べんなら ben nara
Imperative (命令めいれい形がた) 便びんであれ べんであれ ben de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 便びんではない
便びんじゃない 		べんではない
べんじゃない 		ben de wa nai
ben ja nai
Informal past 便びんだった べんだった ben datta
Informal negative past 便びんではなかった
便びんじゃなかった 		べんではなかった
べんじゃなかった 		ben de wa nakatta
ben ja nakatta
Formal 便びんです べんです ben desu
Formal negative 便びんではありません
便びんじゃありません 		べんではありません
べんじゃありません 		ben de wa arimasen
ben ja arimasen
Formal past 便びんでした べんでした ben deshita
Formal negative past 便びんではありませんでした
便びんじゃありませんでした 		べんではありませんでした
べんじゃありませんでした 		ben de wa arimasen deshita
ben ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 便びんで べんで ben de
Conditional 便びんなら（ば） べんなら（ば） ben nara (ba)
Provisional 便びんだったら べんだったら ben dattara
Volitional 便びんだろう べんだろう ben darō
Adverbial 便びんに べんに ben ni
Degree 便びんさ べんさ bensa

Adjective[edit]

便びん(べん) • (ben) †-nari

  1. convenient

Inflection[edit]

Classical conjugation of "便びんなり" (ナリ活用かつよう, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然みぜん形がた) 便びんなら べんなら bennara
Continuative (連用形れんようけい) 便びんに[1]
便びんなり[2]		 べんに
べんなり		 benni
bennari
Terminal (終止しゅうし形がた) 便びんなり べんなり bennari
Attributive (連体れんたい形がた) 便びんなる べんなる bennaru
Realis (已然いぜん形がた) 便びんなれ べんなれ bennare
Imperative (命令めいれい形がた) 便びんなれ べんなれ bennare
Key constructions
Negative 便びんならず べんならず bennarazu
Contrasting conjunction 便びんなれど べんなれど bennaredo
Causal conjunction 便びんなれば べんなれば bennareba
Conditional conjunction 便びんならば べんならば bennaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 便びんなりき べんなりき bennariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 便びんなりけり べんなりけり bennarikeri
Adverbial 便びんに べんに benni
[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.

Noun[edit]

便びん(べん) • (ben) 

  1. a convenience
  2. facilities
    交通こうつう(こうつう)の便びん(べん)がいい
    kōtsū no ben ga ii
    good transport facilities
  3. bowel movement
Synonyms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
便びん
びん
Grade: 4
kan’yōon

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

便びん(びん) • (bin) 

  1. a flight
  2. mail
  3. (bus) service

See also[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
便びん
よすが
Grade: 4
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 便びん – see the following entry.
【よすが】
[noun] something to rely on; a connection, affinity
[noun] someone to rely on; a relative
[noun] an opportunity, way, means
Alternative spellings
縁えん, 因いん
(This term, 便びん, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林だいじりん [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle Chinese 便びん (MC bjien|bjienH, “comfortable”).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 Recorded as Middle Korean 뼌 (Yale: ppyèn) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國とうごく正せい韻いん / 동국정운), 1448.
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1] 쟉마ᄌᆞᆯ 변 Recorded as Middle Korean 변 (pyen) (Yale: pyen) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新しん增ぞう類るい合あい / 신증유합), 1576.
Gwangju Cheonjamun, 1575 편안 편[1] Recorded as Middle Korean 편 (phyen) (Yale: phyen) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新しん增ぞう類るい合あい / 신증유합), 1576.
  1. ^ 平聲ひょうしょう [Level tone]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (convenience; etc.):
  • (in 편지 (便びん紙し, pyeonji)):
    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pʰjɘ(ː)n]
    • Phonetic hangul: [편(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

便びん (eumhun 편할 편 (pyeonhal pyeon))

  1. Hanja form? of 편 (“convenience; ease; comfortability”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle Chinese 便びん (MC bjienH, “human waste”).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 Recorded as Middle Korean 뼌〮 (Yale: ppyén) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國とうごく正せい韻いん / 동국정운), 1448.
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 오좀〮 편 Recorded as Middle Korean 편 (phyen) (Yale: phyèn) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙くんもう字じ會かい / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

便びん (eumhun 똥오줌 변 (ttong'ojum byeon))

  1. Hanja form? of 변 (“feces and urine”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [3]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

便びん: Hán Nôm readings: tiện, biền

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References[edit]

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