哈

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哈 U+54C8, 哈
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-54C8
← 哇
[U+54C7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 哉 →
[U+54C9]

Translingual

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Stroke order
9 strokes

Han character

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哈 (Kangxi radical 30, 口くち+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 口人くちうど一いち口くち (ROMR), four-corner 68061, composition ⿰口くち合ごう)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 189, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3594
  • Dae Jaweon: page 408, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 619, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+54C8

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (合ごう) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
龕がん *kʰuːm
媕 *quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb
頜 *ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb
答こたえ *tkuːb
畣 *tkuːb
荅 *tkuːb
嗒 *tuːb, *tʰoːb
褡 *tuːb, *toːb
撘 *tuːb
搭 *tuːb, *tʰoːb
榙 *tkuːb, *ɡuːb
佮 *tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb
蛤はまぐり *kuːb
鴿どばと *kuːb
合ごう *kuːb, *ɡuːb
郃 *kuːb, *ɡuːb
匌 *kuːb, *kʰuːb
鉿 *kuːb
閤ごう *kuːb
鞈 *kuːb, *kruːb
韐 *kuːb, *kruːb
鮯 *kuːb
哈 *ŋɡuːb
姶 *quːb, *quːb
欱 *qʰuːb, *qʰruːb
盒 *ɡuːb
耠 *ɡuːb
詥 *ɡuːb
塔とう *tʰuːb
鞳 *tʰoːb
劄 *rtuːb
跲 *kruːb, *kob, *ɡob
袷あわせ *kruːb, *ŋkob
餄 *kruːb
恰 *kʰruːb
帢 *kʰruːb
洽あまね *ɡruːb
祫 *ɡruːb
珨 *ɡruːb
烚 *ɡruːb
歙 *qʰjob, *qʰrub
湁 *tkʰub
拾ひろえ *ɡjub
給きゅう *krub
翕 *qʰrub
噏 *qʰrub
潝 *qʰrub
熻 *qʰrub
嬆 *qʰrub
翖 *qʰrub
闟 *qʰrub

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *ŋɡuːb) : semantic 口くち (“mouth”) + phonetic 合ごう (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb).

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
 哈

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 哈
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲こえ) 疑うたぐ (31)
Final (韻いん) 合ごう (160)
Tone (調しらべ) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) I
Fanqie 五ご合ごう切きり
Baxter ngop
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ŋʌp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ŋəp̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ŋɒp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ŋəp̚/
Li
Rong 		/ŋᴀp̚/
Wang
Li 		/ŋɒp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ŋăp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		è
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ngap6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 哈
Reading # 1/1
No. 4966
Phonetic
component 		合ごう
Rime
group 		緝
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		㬎
Old
Chinese 		/*ŋɡuːb/
Notes 今いま音おとha來き自じ噓呵しか

Definitions

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哈

  1. ‡ (of fish) many; plenteous
  2. ‡ (of a fish's mouth) opening; moving
  3. † mouthful; sip

Etymology 2

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simp. and trad.
 哈

Pronunciation

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Note: haai1 - only used in 齊ひとし齊ひとし哈爾／齐齐哈尔, probably due to assimilation.
Note:
  • hah, ha - vernacular;
  • hap - literary.

Definitions

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哈

  1. (onomatopoeia) sound of laughter: ha
  2. exclamation of triumph, etc.: ha!
  3. (dialectal) Sentence-final particle softening the request.
  4. to breathe out
  5. (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to drink
    1. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to drink alcohol
    2. (Taiwanese Hokkien) to drink tea
  6. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to exhale hot air to keep oneself warm
  7. Short for 哈薩克かつ斯坦／哈萨克かつ斯坦 (Hāsàkèsītǎn, “Kazakhstan”).
  8. Short for 哈爾濱はま／哈尔滨 (Hā'ěrbīn, “Harbin”).

Compounds

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Etymology 3

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simp. and trad.
 哈
alternative forms 唯ただ
嗄しゃがれ
This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Possibly related to Taiwanese Mandarin 蛤はまぐり (há), Taiwanese Hokkien 唅 (--hahⁿ), or Hokkien 哄 (háⁿ) in Douglas (1873)? See also Tagalog ha, Malaysian and Singaporean English har / ah, Indonesian ha, Dutch hè, English huh, Japanese ええ (ē), へえ (hē), and ああ (ā).”

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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哈

  1. (Hokkien) Used to indicate confusion or pondering when the speaker did not hear or comprehend clearly: huh; hmm; what; pardon?; what did (they/you/he/she) say?
    哈，啥物？ [Hokkien, trad. and simp.]
    Hâⁿ, siáⁿ-mi̍h? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    Huh, what?
  2. (Hokkien) Used to express doubt or disbelief: huh?; hmm?; what?; oh?; what do you mean?
  3. (Hokkien) Used to express subtle surprise or amusement/astonishment: huh!; oh!; what!
  4. (Taiwanese Hokkien) Used to express consent or agreement or approval: huh ok; oh alright; yeah; sure; ah yes

Usage notes

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Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • →? English: har (Manglish & Singlish)
  • →? Taiwanese Mandarin: 蛤はまぐり (há)
  • →? Tagalog: ha

Etymology 4

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simp. and trad.
 哈
alternative forms 𨉣

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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哈

  1. (chiefly Mandarin, Jin, colloquial) to bend; to stoop

Compounds

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Etymology 5

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simp. and trad.
 哈

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 喝かつ?”)

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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哈

  1. (Beijing Mandarin) to scold; to reprimand

Etymology 6

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simp. and trad.
 哈

Pronunciation

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Note: haa5 - rare.

Definitions

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哈

  1. Only used in 哈巴 (hǎba, “Pekingese; pug”).

Compounds

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Etymology 7

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simp. and trad.
 哈
Wikipedia has an article on:

For Hui people, the surname is the initialism of several Arabic names, such as حَسَن (ḥasan).

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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哈

  1. a surname (mainly among Hui people)

Etymology 8

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simp. and trad.
 哈

Pronunciation

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Note: used in 哈達／哈达.

Definitions

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哈

  1. Used in compounds.

Compounds

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Etymology 9

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simp. and trad.
 哈

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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哈

  1. Only used in 哈喇 (hāla).

Compounds

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Etymology 10

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simp. and trad.
 哈

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from 憨?”)

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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哈

  1. (Southwestern Mandarin, Xiang) silly; stupid
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 傻 (“foolish”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 傻
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 傻
Taiwan 傻
Singapore 傻, 戇
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 傻
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 瓜ふり
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 哈, 瓜ふり, 寶たから
Wuhan 苕, 哈, 嘎
Guilin 哈
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 呆ほけ, 木き足あし, 瓜ふり
Hefei 呆ほけ, 傻
Cantonese Guangzhou 戇, 傻, 戇居
Hong Kong 傻, 戇, 戇居
Taishan 傻, 吽うん, 戇
Dongguan 戇, 傻, 吽うん
Yangjiang 傻, 戇
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 傻, 戇
Singapore (Guangfu) 傻, 戇
Gan Nanchang 蟬
Hakka Meixian 傻, 戇
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 戇, 傻
Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) 傻
Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) 戇
Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) 戇
Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) 戇鳩
Boluo (Bendihua) 呆ほけ愕
Heyuan (Bendihua) 戇
Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) 戇鬼
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 傻
Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) 慢, 嚒
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 戇鳩
Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) 戇
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 傻
Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) 戇鳩
Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) 戇鳩
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 戇
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 戇
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 戇
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 戇
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 戇
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 戇
Jin Taiyuan 傻, 二に不ふ楞
Northern Min Jian'ou 賴よりゆき, 戇
Eastern Min Fuzhou 戇
Fuzhou (Changle) 戇
Fuqing 戇
Yongtai 戇
Gutian 阿おもね褒
Fu'an 戇
Ningde 戇, 庸いさお
Shouning 戇, 庸いさお
Zhouning 戇
Fuding 庸いさお
Matsu 戇
Southern Min Xiamen 戇
Quanzhou 戇, 潲面 vulgar
Zhangzhou 戇, 哚哥, 潲面 vulgar
Zhao'an 戇
Kaohsiung 戇
Changhua (Lukang) 戇
Taichung 戇
Taichung (Wuqi) 呆ほけ
Tainan 槌づち, 戇
Hsinchu 戇
Penghu (Magong) 戇
Penang (Hokkien) 戇
Singapore (Hokkien) 戇, 悇, 呆ほけ, 歁戇, 戇戇, 戇呆, 呆ほけ呆ほけ, 悇悇
Manila (Hokkien) 戇, 戇戇, 洽あまね, 洽ひろし潲 vulgar, 洽ひろし仔こ, 山やま猴, 三さん八はち, 三さん八はち潲 vulgar
Chaozhou 㦙, 白はく仁ひとし, 戇
Jieyang 㦙, 白はく仁ひとし, 戇
Singapore (Teochew) 㦙, 戇, 悇
Wenchang 戇, 傻
Haikou 戇
Qionghai 戇
Singapore (Hainanese) 戇
Wu Shanghai 戇, 壽ことぶき, 糞くそ
Shanghai (Songjiang) 戇, 壽ことぶき, 踱
Suzhou 戇, 壽ことぶき, 踱
Wuxi 戇, 壽ことぶき
Tongxiang 踱
Ningbo 呆ほけ, 戇
Wenzhou 呆ほけ, 憨
Xiang Changsha 寶たから, 醒
Shuangfeng 哈

Compounds

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Etymology 11

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simp. and trad.
 哈

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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哈

  1. (Southwestern Mandarin) to tickle

Etymology 12

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simp. and trad.
 哈

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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哈

  1. Only used in 哈士蟆ぶと (hàshimá).

Etymology 13

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simp. and trad.
 哈

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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哈

  1. Only used in 哈巴 (hàba).

Etymology 14

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simp. and trad.
 哈

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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哈

  1. Alternative form of 喝かつ (“to drink”)
  2. Alternative form of 呷あお

Etymology 15

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simp. and trad.
 哈

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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哈

  1. Used in place names.

Compounds

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Etymology 16

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simp. and trad.
 哈

Mostly likely Sinitic, but the exact etymon is disputed. Possible etyma include:

Pronunciation

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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Definitions

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哈

  1. (Gansu and Qinghai Mandarin) Accusative/dative marker, placed after a preverbal object.

Etymology 17

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For pronunciation and definitions of 哈 – see 歃 (“to drink; to suck; to smear on the mouth; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 歃).

Etymology 18

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For pronunciation and definitions of 哈 – see 𪘁.
(This character is a variant form of 𪘁).

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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哈

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

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References

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  • “哈” in: 諸橋もろはし轍次てつじ (Morohashi Tetsuji), chief ed. 大だい漢和かんわ辞典じてん (Dai Kan-Wa Jiten, “Comprehensive Chinese–Japanese Dictionary”). 13 vols. 1955–1960. Revised and enlarged ed. 1984–1986. Tokyo: Taishukan.

Korean

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Hanja

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哈 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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哈: Hán Nôm readings: cáp, hóp, hộp, ngáp, họp, hớp, ngớp

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Zhuang

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Verb

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哈

  1. Sawndip form of haep

References

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  • 古こ壮たけし字じ字典じてん [Dictionary of Old Zhuang Characters] (in Chinese), Guangxi: Ethnic Publishing House (广西民族みんぞく出版しゅっぱん社しゃ), 2012, →ISBN, page 238
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