パラチフス熱
Paratyphoid fever | |
---|---|
Paratyphoid | |
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Rose colored spots on the chest of a person with typhoid fever which are similar to those of paratyphoid | |
Infectious disease | |
Fever, headache, rash, weakness[1][2] | |
6–30 days post exposure[1][3] | |
Weeks to months[1] | |
Salmonella enterica spread by food or water contaminated with feces[1] | |
Poor sanitation, crowded populations[4] | |
Culturing the bacteria or detecting its DNA in the blood, stool, or bone marrow[1][3] | |
Handwashing, clean water[1] | |
Antibiotics[1] | |
529,000[5] | |
29,200[6] | |
Patient UK | Paratyphoid fever |
パラチフス
パラチフスは、
リスク
パラチフス
パラチフスは、
出典 [編集 ]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Anna E. Newton (2014). “3 Infectious Diseases Related To Travel”. CDC health information for international travel 2014 : the yellow book. ISBN 9780199948499. オリジナルの2015-07-02
時点 におけるアーカイブ。 - ^ a b c d e Jeremy Hawker (2012). “3.56”. Communicable disease control and health protection handbook (3rd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 9781444346947. オリジナルの2017-09-08
時点 におけるアーカイブ。 - ^ a b c d e f g h i j Alan J. Magill (2013). Hunter's tropical medicine and emerging infectious diseases (9th ed.). London: Saunders/Elsevier. pp. 568–572. ISBN 9781455740437. オリジナルの2017-09-08
時点 におけるアーカイブ。 - ^ a b c Crump, JA; Mintz, ED (15 January 2010). “Global trends in typhoid and paratyphoid Fever.”. Clinical Infectious Diseases 50 (2): 241–6. doi:10.1086/649541. PMC 2798017. PMID 20014951 .
- ^ GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence, Collaborators. (8 October 2016). “Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015.”. Lancet 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282 .
- ^ a b GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators. (8 October 2016). “Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015.”. Lancet 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMID 27733281.
- ^ Wain, J; Hendriksen, RS; Mikoleit, ML; Keddy, KH; Ochiai, RL (21 March 2015). “Typhoid fever.”. Lancet 385 (9973): 1136–45. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62708-7. PMID 25458731.
- ^ Cunha BA (March 2004). “Osler on typhoid fever: differentiating typhoid from typhus and malaria”. Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. 18 (1): 111–25. doi:10.1016/S0891-5520(03)00094-1. PMID 15081508.
- ^ Global Burden of Disease Study 2013, Collaborators (22 August 2015). “Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.”. Lancet 386 (9995): 743–800. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4. PMC 4561509. PMID 26063472 .
- ^ GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators (17 December 2014). “Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.”. Lancet 385 (9963): 117–71. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMC 4340604. PMID 25530442 .