惜
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]惜 (Kangxi radical 61,
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 391, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10814
- Dae Jaweon: page 725, character 23
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2313, character 9
- Unihan data for U+60DC
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
惜 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 𡃶 (sek3) Cantonese |
Glyph origin
[edit]Old Chinese | |
---|---|
*ʔsjaːɡs, *ʔsjaːɡ | |
唶 | *ʔsjaːɡs |
藉 | *zjaːɡs, *zjaːɡ |
躤 | *zjaːɡs |
蜡 | *zraːɡs, *sʰaːɡs |
齰 | *zraːɡs, *zraːɡ |
*sʰaːɡs | |
錯 | *sʰaːɡs, *sʰaːɡ |
措 | *sʰaːɡs |
厝 | *sʰaːɡs, *sʰaːɡ |
逪 | *sʰaːɡ |
剒 | *sʰaːɡ |
*sʰaɡ | |
碏 | *sʰaɡ |
踖 | *sʰaɡ, *ʔsjaːɡ, *zjaːɡ |
趞 | *sʰaɡ |
皵 | *sʰaɡ, *sʰjaːɡ |
舄 | *sʰjaːɡ, *sʰaɡ, *sjaːɡ, *sjaːɡ |
斮 | *ʔsraɡ, *ʔsraːɡ |
簎 | *zraːwɢ, *sʰraːɡ, *zjaːɡ |
諎 | *ʔsraːɡ |
矠 | *sʰreːɡ, *zreːɡ |
庴 | *ʔsjaːɡ, *zjaːɡ |
*zjaːɡ | |
耤 | *zjaːɡ |
猎 | *zjaːɡ |
*sjaːɡ | |
惜 | *sjaːɡ |
腊 | *sjaːɡ |
焟 | *sjaːɡ |
棤 | *sjaːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (
Note that
Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sik1 / sek3
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): sék
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: si
- Wade–Giles: hsi1
- Yale: syī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
- Palladius: си (si)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sí
- Wade–Giles: hsi2
- Yale: syí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyi
- Palladius: си (si)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sik1 / sek3
- Yale: sīk / sek
- Cantonese Pinyin: sik7 / sek8
- Guangdong Romanization: xig1 / ség3
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɪk̚⁵/, /sɛːk̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- sik1 - literary (all senses except “to kiss”);
- sek3 - vernacular (“to kiss; to cherish”).
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siak / sit
- Hakka Romanization System: xiagˋ / xidˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: xiag5 / xid5
- Sinological IPA: /si̯ak̚²/, /sit̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
Note:
- Sixian:
- siak - vernacular;
- sit - literary.
- Meixian:
- xiag5 - vernacular;
- xid5 - literary.
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sék
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɛiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
- Tâi-lô: sik
- Phofsit Daibuun: seg
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak
- Tâi-lô: siak
- Phofsit Daibuun: siag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /siak̚⁵/
Note:
- sioh - vernacular (“to cherish; to begrudge; to take into consideration”);
- sek/siak - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: sioh4 / siêh4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sioh / sieh
- Sinological IPA (key): /sioʔ²/, /sieʔ²/
Note:
- sioh4 - Shantou;
- siêh4 - Chaozhou.
- Middle Chinese: sjek
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]Ak/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sjaːɡ/
Definitions
[edit]惜
- to have pity on; to regret; to feel sorry for
痛 惜 ― tòngxī ― to deeply regret
- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE
- Zǐ wèi Yán Yuān yuē: “Xī hū! Wú jiàn qí jìn yě, wú wèi jiàn qí zhǐ yě!” [Pinyin]
- Speaking of Yan Yuan['s death], the Master said, "The pity of it! I saw him go on, but I never saw him stop!"
子 謂 顏 淵 曰:「惜乎!吾 見 其進 也,吾 未 見 其止 也!」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]子 谓颜渊曰:「惜乎!吾 见其进也,吾 未 见其止 也!」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- From: Lü Buwei, Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals, 239 BCE
- Zǐ yǔ wǒ yī, wǒ huó yě. Wǒ yǔ zǐ yī, zǐ huó yě. Wǒ, guóshì yě, wèi tiānxià xī sǐ. Zǐ, bùxiào rén yě, bùzú ài yě. Zǐ yǔ wǒ zǐ zhī yī. [Pinyin]
- If you give me your clothes, I will live. If I give you my clothes, you will live. I am a distinguished man of state, and it would be a pity if I died for the sake of the empire. As for you, you are an unworthy person and are not worth begrudging. You should give me your clothes.
子 與 我 衣 ,我 活 也。我 與 子 衣 ,子 活 也。我 ,國士 也,為 天下 惜死 。子 ,不肖 人 也,不足 愛 也。子 與 我 子 之 衣 。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]子 与 我 衣 ,我 活 也。我 与 子 衣 ,子 活 也。我 ,国士 也,为天下 惜死 。子 ,不肖 人 也,不足 爱也。子 与 我 子 之 衣 。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to cherish; to adore; to value greatly; to love dearly
- to begrudge; to grudge; to spare; to stint
- (Cantonese) to kiss
- From: 1986,
林 姍姍,連鎖 反應 - mun4 ngaa4 wo4 hung4 seon4 zou6 mei5 mung6, mui5 ci3 nei5 hing1 hing1 dik1 can1 ngo5 (sek3 daam6 sin1 lo1, m4) [Jyutping]
- Incisors and ruddy lips are dreaming good dreams every time you kiss me lightly (give me a kiss, mmm...)
門 牙 和 紅唇 做美 夢 每次 你輕輕 的 親 我 (錫 啖先 囉 唔) [Cantonese, trad.]
门牙和 红唇做美 梦每次 你轻轻的 亲我 (锡啖先 啰 唔) [Cantonese, simp.]- From: 1986,
- (Mainland China Hokkien) to take into consideration; to take into account; to give consideration to
Synonyms
[edit]Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吻, | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 吻, |
Taiwan | 吻, | |
Singapore | 吻, | |
Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | |
Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | |
Xi'an | ||
Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 惜, |
Hong Kong | 惜, | |
Taishan | ||
Dongguan | ||
Singapore (Guangfu) | 惜 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 唚 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 唚 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 唚 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 唚 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 唚 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 唚 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 唚 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | |
Xinzhou | ||
Northern Min | Jian'ou | |
Songxi | ||
Zhenghe | ||
Jianyang | ||
Wuyishan | 敕 | |
Pucheng (Shibei) | ||
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 唚 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 唚 |
Xiamen (Tong'an) | 唚 | |
Quanzhou | 唚 | |
Shishi | 唚 | |
Zhangzhou | 唚 | |
Tainan | 唚 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 唚 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 唚 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 唚 | |
Chaozhou | 唚 | |
Shantou | 唚 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 唚 | |
Haikou | 惜 | |
Wu | Shanghai | |
Shanghai (Zhoupu, Pudong) | ||
Shanghai (Chongming) | ||
Suzhou | ||
Hangzhou | ||
Ningbo |
冥 思 (míngsī)冥 想 (míngxiǎng)品 味 (pǐnwèi)尋 味 /寻味 (xúnwèi)尋 思 /寻思念 (niàn)思 (literary, or in compounds)思想 (sīxiǎng)思慮 /思 虑 (sīlǜ)思索 (sīsuǒ)思 維/思 维 (sīwéi)思考 (sīkǎo)思 裁 (si1 cai2) (Sichuanese)思量 (sīliáng)慎 思 (shènsī)- 掂掇 (diānduo) (colloquial)
推敲 (tuīqiāo)- 掂量 (diānliáng)
揣摩 (chuǎimó)斟酌 (zhēnzhuó) (figuratively)- 沉思 (chénsī)
深 思 (shēnsī)照 顧/照 顾 (zhàogù)玩味 (wánwèi)玩弄 (Classical Chinese)琢磨 (zuómo)算 計 /算 计 (suànjì)考慮 /考 虑 (kǎolǜ)苦 思 (kǔsī)著 想 /着想 (zhuóxiǎng)計算 /计算 (jìsuàn)計 較/计较設 想 /设想 (shèxiǎng)- 顧全/顾全 (gùquán)
- 顧及/顾及 (gùjí)
Compounds
[edit]不 惜 (bùxī)不足 惜作 惜保 惜傷 惜/伤惜可 惜 (kěxī)吝 惜 (lìnxī)哀惜 - 嗟惜
- 嘆惜/叹惜 (tànxī)
在所 不 惜 (zàisuǒbùxī)大牛 惜力 (Min Nan)完 惜寵 惜/宠惜寶 惜/宝 惜將 惜/将 惜弔 惜/吊 惜得 人 惜 (Min Nan)怯 惜- 怨惜
- 惜傷/惜伤
- 惜分 (Min Nan)
- 惜
分陰 /惜分阴 惜別 /惜别 (xībié)惜別 會 /惜别会 - 惜力 (xīlì)
- 惜千
千 - 惜名
- 惜吝
- 惜命
命 (Min Nan) - 惜售
- 惜囝 (Min Nan)
- 惜字
- 惜字如金
- 惜孤
念 寡 - 惜客
好 義 /惜客好 义 - 惜
寸陰 /惜寸阴 - 惜性
命 (Min Nan) - 惜恨
- 惜恐
- 惜惋
- 悵惜/怅惜
- 悲惜
- 惋惜 (wǎnxī)
悼惜 - 惜惜
- 惜愛/惜爱
- 惜指
失 掌 惜春 惜春 御 史 惜春 鳥 /惜春 鸟- 惜景
- 惜本
分 (Min Nan) - 惜死
- 惜氣/惜气
- 惜玉
- 惜玉憐香/惜玉
怜 香 - 惜生
- 惜略 (Min Nan)
- 惜疼
- 惜皮 (Min Nan)
- 惜眠 (Min Nan)
- 惜福 (Min Nan)
- 惜老憐貧/惜老
怜 贫 - 惜花
連 盆 /惜花连盆 (Min Nan) - 惜花
連 盆 ,疼囝連 孫 /惜花连盆,疼囝连孙 (Min Nan) - 惜誓
- 惜護/惜护
- 惜身
- 惜閔/惜闵
- 惜陰/惜阴 (xīyīn)
- 惜面
皮 (Min Nan) - 惜香憐玉/惜香
怜 玉 - 惜墨如金
- 惜墨
法 - 愍惜
- 慨惜
愛惜 /爱惜 (àixī)愛惜 羽毛 /爱惜羽毛 (àixīyǔmáo)- 惺惺
相 惜 (xīngxīngxiāngxī) 愛 日 惜力/爱日惜力- 愾惜/忾惜
慎 惜- 愧惜
- 憐孤惜寡/
怜 孤 惜寡 - 憫惜/悯惜
- 憐惜/
怜 惜 (liánxī) - 憐貧惜老/
怜 贫惜老 - 憐香惜玉/
怜 香 惜玉 (liánxiāngxīyù) - 憾惜
- 懊惜
戀 惜/恋 惜拍 惜撫 惜/抚惜- 擏惜 (geng6 sek3) (Cantonese)
敏 惜暗 惜- 棄之
可 惜/弃之可 惜 - 歉惜
- 歎惜/叹惜 (tànxī)
死 不足 惜 (sǐbùzúxī)珍 惜 (zhēnxī)- 疼惜 (Min Nan)
痛惜 (tòngxī)省 惜- 矜惜
祕 惜/秘 惜- 禹惜
寸陰 /禹惜寸 阴 自 惜羽毛 - 苟惜
苦 惜計 惜/计惜- 謹惜/谨惜
護 惜/护惜貪 惜/贪惜貴 惜/贵惜- 軫惜/轸惜
輕 憐疼惜/轻怜疼惜輕 憐痛惜 /轻怜痛惜 輕 憐重惜/轻怜重 惜追 惜遺 惜/遗惜重 惜- 閔惜/闵惜
- 閟惜/𮤲惜
- 靳惜
- 顧惜/顾惜 (gùxī)
體 惜/体 惜
Descendants
[edit]- → Vietnamese: tiếc (“to regret”)
References
[edit]- “惜”, in
漢語 多功 能 字 庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1],香港 中 文 大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014– - “Entry #7255”, in
臺灣 閩南語 常用 詞 辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]惜
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: しゃく (shaku)←しやく (syaku, historical)
- Kan-on: せき (seki, Jōyō)←せき (seki, historical)
- Kun: おしい (oshii,
惜 しい, Jōyō)←をしい (wosii,惜 しい, historical); おしむ (oshimu,惜 しむ, Jōyō)←をしむ (wosimu,惜 しむ, historical); あたらし (atarashi,惜 し); あたらしい (atarashii,惜 しい)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
Definitions
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
惜 |
あたら Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 惜 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 惜, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰʌ̹k̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [석]
Hanja
[edit]惜 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]惜: Hán Nôm readings: tiếc, tích
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
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- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading しやく
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading せき
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading せき
- Japanese kanji with kun reading お・しい
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading を・しい
- Japanese kanji with kun reading お・しむ
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading を・しむ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading あたら・し
- Japanese kanji with kun reading あたら・しい
- Japanese terms spelled with 惜 read as あたら
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese adverbs
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