啜
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 196, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3832
- Dae Jaweon: page 417, character 21
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 648, character 5
- Unihan data for U+555C
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 蝃 | *tɯːds, *tjod |
| 欼 | *sʰrɯʔ |
| *tods, *tod | |
| 醊 | *tods, *tod |
| *tods, *tod | |
| *tods, *djods, *tod, *tʰjod, *djod | |
| 餟 | *tods, *tod |
| 腏 | *tods, *toːd, *tod |
| 錣 | *tods, *rtoːd |
| 輟 | *tods, *tod |
| 娺 | *tul, *rtoːd |
| 窡 | *rtoːd, *rtoːd |
| 鵽 | *rtoːd, *rtoːd, *toːd |
| 掇 | *toːd, *tod |
| 剟 | *toːd, *tod |
| 裰 | *toːd |
| 敠 | *toːd, *sʰlod |
| 惙 | *tod |
| 罬 | *tod, *ktod |
| 叕 | *tod |
| 歠 | *tʰjod |
| 逫 | *tud |
Phono-semantic compound (
Etymology 1
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
||
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | ||
Possibly related to 噆 (OC *ʔsluːb, “(of a mosquito) to bite”) (Schuessler, 2007).
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “onomatopoeic? related to 嘬 (also /zyut3/ in Cantonese)?”)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zyut3 / zyut3-1 / zyut3-2 / cyut3
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): chṳĕ
- Eastern Min (BUC): chiók / cuók
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7tshoq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄛˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chuò
- Wade–Giles: chʻo4
- Yale: chwò
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuoh
- Palladius: чо (čo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zyut3 / zyut3-1 / zyut3-2 / cyut3
- Yale: jyut / jyūt / jyút / chyut
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzyt8 / dzyt8-7 / dzyt8-2 / tsyt8
- Guangdong Romanization: jud3 / jud3-1 / jud3-2 / qud3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡syːt̚³/, /t͡syːt̚³⁻⁵/, /t͡syːt̚³⁻³⁵/, /t͡sʰyːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: cyut3 - rare, literary (“to drink”).
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhot
- Hakka Romanization System: cod`
- Hagfa Pinyim: cod5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰot̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chṳĕ
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰyɛ²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chiók / cuók
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰuɔʔ²⁴/, /t͡suɔʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- chiók - vernacular;
- cuók - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheh
- Tâi-lô: tsheh
- Phofsit Daibuun: zheq
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰeʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chherh
- Tâi-lô: tsherh
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhoeh
- Tâi-lô: tshueh
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhoeq
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰueʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhoat
- Tâi-lô: tshuat
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhoad
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰuat̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰuat̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
Note:
- chheh/chherh/chhoeh - vernacular (“to drink”);
- chhoat - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: coih4 / cuag4 / cuêg4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshoih / tshuak / tshuek
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰoiʔ²/, /t͡sʰuak̚²/, /t͡sʰuek̚²/
Note:
- coih4 - vernacular;
- cuêg4/cuag4 - literary.
- Middle Chinese: trjwejH, dzywejH, tsyhwet, dzywet
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰot/
- (Zhengzhang): /*tods/, /*djods/, /*tʰjod/, /*djod/
Definitions
[edit]- (literary or dialectal) to taste; to eat; to drink; to sip
- 眾人
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Zhòngrén jiē zuì, hé bù bū qí zāo ér chuò qí lí? [Pinyin]
- Now that everyone else is drunk, why not taste a bit of those lees, or even take a sip of the diluted stuff?
皆 醉 ，何 不 餔其糟 而啜 其醨？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
众人皆 醉 ，何 不 𫗦其糟 而啜 其醨？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]- From: 《
古 芸 堂 筆記 /고운당필기》, 1784 - Baek yeo nyeon lae, Manju jaje hak seohwa, changsu sijang; Monggo jang jung wichi godong, bunhyang cheol cha; Waeja ganghak, yeol sim simseong rigi. Cha so'i man'guk taepyeong ya yeo. [Sino-Korean]
- Since more than a hundred years, Manchu children have learned writing and painting and exchange poems to each other. The Mongols in their yurts deal with antique curios, burn incense, and sip on tea. The Japanese lecture the sciences, and are enthused by the nature of the human heart and the relationships between the cosmic principle and the vital force. This must be why the world is at peace.
百 餘 年 來 ，滿 洲 子弟 學 書畫 ，唱酬詩 章 ；蒙 古 帳 中 位置 古 董 ，焚香啜 茶 ；倭子 講 學 ，說 甚心性 理 氣 。此所以 萬國 太平 也歟。 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]- From: 《
- (Cantonese) to suck
- (Cantonese) to kiss
- (Cantonese) to stick to (a surface); to be stuck on
- (literary) thick soup
- (literary) to sob; to weep
- (Hakka) Alternative form of
撮 (cod5) to cheat; to deceive; to hoax
Usage notes
[edit]- In Hokkien, the sense of “to drink” is usually applied to soup or thin porridge, but not to water, alcoholic beverage, or other drinks.
Synonyms
[edit]| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吻, | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 吻, |
| Taiwan | 吻, | |
| Singapore | 吻, | |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | |
| Xi'an | ||
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 惜, |
| Hong Kong | 惜, | |
| Taishan | ||
| Dongguan | ||
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 惜 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 唚 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 唚 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 唚 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 唚 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 唚 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 唚 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 唚 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | |
| Xinzhou | ||
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | |
| Songxi | ||
| Zhenghe | ||
| Jianyang | ||
| Wuyishan | 敕 | |
| Pucheng (Shibei) | ||
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 唚 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 唚 |
| Xiamen (Tong'an) | 唚 | |
| Quanzhou | 唚 | |
| Shishi | 唚 | |
| Zhangzhou | 唚 | |
| Tainan | 唚 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 唚 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 唚 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 唚 | |
| Chaozhou | 唚 | |
| Shantou | 唚 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 唚 | |
| Haikou | 惜 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | |
| Shanghai (Zhoupu, Pudong) | ||
| Shanghai (Chongming) | ||
| Suzhou | ||
| Hangzhou | ||
| Ningbo | ||
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
||
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 諁／𰵷 | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄛˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhuó
- Wade–Giles: cho2
- Yale: jwó
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jwo
- Palladius: чжо (čžo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄛˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chuò
- Wade–Giles: chʻo4
- Yale: chwò
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuoh
- Palladius: чо (čo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Middle Chinese: trjwet
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*tod/
Definitions
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
||
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄞˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Chuài
- Wade–Giles: Chʻuai4
- Yale: Chwài
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Chuay
- Palladius: Чуай (Čuaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄛˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Chuò
- Wade–Giles: Chʻo4
- Yale: Chwò
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Chuoh
- Palladius: Чо (Čo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ceoi3 / zyut3
- Yale: cheui / jyut
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsoey3 / dzyt8
- Guangdong Romanization: cêu3 / jud3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɵy̯³³/, /t͡syːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chhòe
- Tâi-lô: Tshuè
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhoex
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰue²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰue⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chhè
- Tâi-lô: Tshè
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhex
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰe²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cuag4 / cuêg4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshuak / tshuek
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰuak̚²/, /t͡sʰuek̚²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
Definitions
[edit]- a surname
References
[edit]- “
啜 ”, in漢語 多功 能 字 庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1],香港 中 文 大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
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