脫だっ

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See also: 脱だっ and 挩
脫だっ U+812B, 脫
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-812B
← 脪
[U+812A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 脬 →
[U+812C]

Translingual

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Han character

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脫だっ (Kangxi radical 130, 肉にく+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月つき金きん口山くちやま (BCRU) or 難なん月つき金きん口山くちやま (XBCRU), four-corner 78216, composition ⿰⺼兌(HT) or ⿰月つき兌(GK))

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 984, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29539
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1436, character 24
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2081, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+812B

Chinese

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trad. 脫だっ/脱だっ
simp. 脱だっ
alternative forms 挩／捝
說せつ／说

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (兌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
毤 *l̥ʰoːds
蛻もぬけ *l'oːds, *l̥ʰoːds, *hljods, *lod, *lod
娧 *l̥ʰoːds, *lod
駾 *l̥ʰoːds
裞 *l̥ʰoːds, *hljods
兌 *l'oːds
綐 *l'oːds
銳するど *l'oːds, *lods
帨 *stʰods, *hljods
稅ぜい *hljods
說せつ *hljods, *hljod, *lod
涚 *hljods
䫄 *rtʰoːd
脫だっ *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
侻 *l̥ʰoːd
挩 *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
莌 *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
梲 *l̥ʰoːd, *ʔljod, *l̥ʰuːd
鮵 *l'oːd
敓 *l'oːd
痥 *l'oːd
悅えつ *lod, *lod
閱 *lod

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd) : semantic ⺼ + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds).

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).

Within Chinese, cognate with 蛻もぬけ (OC *l̥ʰoːds, “exuviae (skin cast off during molting)”), 愉 (OC *lo, “relax > happy, pleased”), 悅えつ (OC lod, “contented”), 說せつ (OC *hljod, “to speak, to explain”), 說せつ (OC *hljods, “to persuade”), 偷 (OC *l̥ʰoː, “to steal”), 奪だつ (OC *Cə.lˁot, “to rob, to snatch”);
Outside Chinese, cognate with Tibetan གློད་པ (glod pa, “loosen, relax, slacken”), Tibetan ཧློད་པ (hlod pa, “loose, relaxed”), Lepcha ᰒᰤᰦᰳ (flját), ᰒᰤᰩᰳ (fljót), Burmese လွှတ် (hlwat), Burmese ချွတ် (hkywat).

In its use in Northern Wu languages, such as Shanghainese, Suzhounese, and Ningbonese, as well as Lower Yangtze Mandarin, it is likely from a grammaticalisation of the verb. Compare with 落 (Wuxi, Changzhou) and 掉 (Haining, Danyang)

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • thut - vernacular;
  • thoat - literary (“to collapse”).
Note: tug4 - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 脫だっ
Mandarin Beijing /tʰuo⁵⁵/
Harbin /tʰuo⁴⁴/
Tianjin /tʰuo²¹/
Jinan /tʰuə²¹³/
Qingdao /tʰuə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /tʰuo²⁴/
Xi'an /tʰuo²¹/
Xining /tʰu⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /tʰuə¹³/
Lanzhou /tʰuə¹³/
Ürümqi /tʰuɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /tʰuo²¹³/
Chengdu /tʰo³¹/
Guiyang /tʰo²¹/
Kunming /tʰo³¹/
Nanjing /tʰoʔ⁵/
Hefei /tʰuɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /tʰuaʔ²/
Pingyao /tʰuʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /tʰuaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /tʰoʔ⁵/
Suzhou /tʰəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /tʰoʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /tʰø²¹³/
Hui Shexian /tʰɔʔ²¹/
Tunxi /tʰuːə⁵/
Xiang Changsha /tʰo²⁴/
Xiangtan /tʰo²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /tʰɵʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /tʰot̚¹/
Taoyuan /tʰot̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tʰyt̚³/
Nanning /tʰyt̚³³/
Hong Kong /tʰyt̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tʰuat̚³²/
/tʰut̚³²/
/tʰuaʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tʰɔuʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tʰɔ²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /tʰuk̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hut̚⁵/ ～帽ぼう
/hut̚³/ ～手しゅ
Rime
Character 脫だっ 脫だっ
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲こえ) 定じょう (7) 透とおる (6)
Final (韻いん) 末すえ (64) 末すえ (64)
Tone (調しらべ) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Closed Closed
Division (等ひとし) I I
Fanqie 徒と活かつ切きり 他た括くく切きり
Baxter dwat thwat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/duɑt̚/ /tʰuɑt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/dʷɑt̚/ /tʰʷɑt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/duɑt̚/ /tʰuɑt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/dwat̚/ /tʰwat̚/
Li
Rong 		/duɑt̚/ /tʰuɑt̚/
Wang
Li 		/duɑt̚/ /tʰuɑt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/dʱuɑt̚/ /tʰuɑt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		duó tuo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		dyut6 tyut3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 脫だっ 脫だっ
Reading # 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tuō tuō
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dwat › ‹ thwat ›
Old
Chinese 		/*lˁot/ /*mə-l̥ˁot/
English remove outer covering peel off

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 脫だっ 脫だっ
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 2559 2566
Phonetic
component 		兑 兑
Rime
group 		月つき 月つき
Rime
subdivision 		3 3
Corresponding
MC rime 		侻 奪だつ
Old
Chinese 		/*l̥ʰoːd/ /*l'oːd/

Definitions

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脫だっ

  1. to take off (clothes); to peel off; to strip
  2. to get away from; to escape; to leave; to avoid
  3. to leave out; to miss; to omit
  4. rapid; swift; fast
  5. unaffected; free; at ease
  6. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to collapse; to pass out; to fall in a faint
  7. (Ningbonese and Shanghainese) and
  8. (Northern Wu, Jianghuai Mandarin) Used to indicate a negative outcome to a verb.

Usage notes

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Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 脫だっ (“to take off (clothes)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 脫だっ, 褪
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 脫だっ, 褪
Taiwan 脫だっ
Harbin 脫だっ
Malaysia 脫だっ
Singapore 脫だっ
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 脫だっ, 褪
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 脫だっ
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 脫だっ
Xi'an 脫だっ
Xining 脫だっ
Xuzhou 脫だっ
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 脫だっ
Lanzhou 脫だっ
Ürümqi 脫だっ
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 脫だっ
Wuhan 脫だっ
Guiyang 脫だっ
Guilin 脫だっ
Liuzhou 脫だっ, 褪, 解かい
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 脫だっ
Yangzhou 脫だっ, 褪
Hefei 脫だっ, 褪
Cantonese Guangzhou 除じょ, 脫だっ
Hong Kong 除じょ, 剝, 解かい
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 剝
Macau 剝
Guangzhou (Panyu) 除じょ
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 脫だっ
Guangzhou (Conghua) 除じょ, 脫だっ
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 除じょ
Foshan 除じょ
Foshan (Shunde) 除じょ
Foshan (Sanshui) 除じょ
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 除じょ
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 剝
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 剝
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 剝
Zhuhai (Doumen) 剝
Jiangmen (Baisha) 除じょ, 剝
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 除じょ
Taishan 脫だっ
Kaiping (Chikan) 脫だっ
Enping (Niujiang) 脫だっ
Heshan (Yayao) 除じょ
Dongguan 脫だっ, 除じょ
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 剝
Yangjiang 褪
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 除じょ
Penang (Guangfu) 除じょ
Singapore (Guangfu) 除じょ
Gan Nanchang 脫だっ
Lichuan 脫だっ
Pingxiang 推, 剝, 脫だっ
Hakka Meixian 脫だっ
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 脫だっ
Dongguan (Qingxi) 剝
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 剝
Zengcheng (Zhengguo) 脫だっ
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 剝
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 剝
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 脫だっ
Yudu 脫だっ
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 脫だっ
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 脫だっ
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 脫だっ
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 脫だっ
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 脫だっ
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 脫だっ
Huizhou Jixi 脫だっ, 褪
Jin Taiyuan 脫だっ
Xinzhou 脫だっ
Northern Min Jian'ou 褪
Songxi 褪
Jianyang 褪
Eastern Min Fuzhou 褪
Gutian 褪
Ningde 褪
Zhouning 褪
Fuding 褪
Southern Min Xiamen 褪
Quanzhou 褪
Jinjiang 褪
Yongchun 褪
Zhangzhou 褪
Taipei 褪
New Taipei (Sanxia) 褪
Kaohsiung 褪
Yilan 褪
Changhua (Lukang) 褪
Taichung 褪
Tainan 褪
Hsinchu 褪
Kinmen 褪
Penghu (Magong) 褪
Penang (Hokkien) 褪
Singapore (Hokkien) 褪
Manila (Hokkien) 褪
Longyan 脫だっ
Datian 褪
Chaozhou 褪
Shantou 褪
Jieyang 褪
Singapore (Teochew) 褪
Haikou 解かい
Puxian Min Putian 褪
Central Min Yong'an 脫だっ
Sanming (Sanyuan) 脫だっ
Sanming (Shaxian) 脫だっ
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 剝
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 剝
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 脫だっ
Wu Shanghai 脫だっ
Shanghai (Chongming) 脫だっ
Suzhou 脫だっ, 褪
Wuxi 脫だっ
Danyang 脫だっ
Hangzhou 脫だっ
Ningbo 脫だっ
Wenzhou 脫だっ
Jinhua 脫だっ, 褪
Xiang Changsha 脫だっ
Loudi 脫だっ
Shuangfeng 脫だっ
Dialectal synonyms of 和わ (“and”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 與あずか, 及
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 和わ, 與あずか, 及, 與あずか及 Cantonese
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 跟, 和わ
Taiwan 跟, 和わ
Malaysia 和わ, 跟
Singapore 和わ, 跟
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 和わ, 跟, 給きゅう
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 和わ
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 和わ
Wanrong (Ronghe) 連れん
Xi'an 跟, 連れん
Xining 帶おび, 和わ
Xuzhou 給きゅう
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 帶おび
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 連れん
Lanzhou 跟, 和わ
Ürümqi 跟, 連れん, 和わ
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 跟, 給きゅう, 和わ
Wuhan 跟
Guiyang 跟, 同どう, 和わ
Guilin 跟, 和わ
Liuzhou 跟, 同どう, 和わ
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 告つげ, 跟
Yangzhou 跟, 交
Hefei 跟
Cantonese Guangzhou 同どう, 同どう埋うめ
Hong Kong 同どう, 同どう埋うめ
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 同どう
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 同どう
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 同どう
Macau 同どう, 同どう埋うめ
Taishan 同どう埋うめ
Kaiping (Chikan) 同どう, 同どう埋うめ
Dongguan 同どう, 同どう埋うめ
Yangjiang 鄧, 同どう
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 同どう
Penang (Guangfu) 同どう
Singapore (Guangfu) 同どう
Gan Nanchang 跟, 同どう
Lichuan 和わ
Pingxiang 同どう, 跟
Hakka Meixian 同どう, 摎
Yudu 澗
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 摎
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 同どう
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 摎
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 同どう
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 摎
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 和わ
Hong Kong 摎
Kuching (Hepo) 佮
Huizhou Jixi 搭
Jin Taiyuan 和わ, 跟
Xinzhou 給きゅう
Northern Min Jian'ou 邀
Jian'ou (Dikou) 邀, 儉, 教きょう
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 邀
Pucheng (Shibei) 邀, 跟
Eastern Min Fuzhou 共とも
Fuzhou (Changle) 共とも
Fuqing 共とも
Yongtai 共とも
Gutian 共とも
Fu'an 共とも
Ningde 共とも
Shouning 隨ずい
Zhouning 傮, 共とも
Fuding 跟
Southern Min Xiamen 佮, 交
Xiamen (Tong'an) 佮
Quanzhou 佮, 交
Zhangzhou 佮
Tainan 佮
Penang (Hokkien) 佮
Singapore (Hokkien) 佮
Manila (Hokkien) 佮, 交
Chaozhou 佮, 共とも
Shantou 佮
Jieyang 佮
Singapore (Teochew) 佮
Pontianak (Teochew) 佮
Leizhou 共とも
Wenchang 共とも
Haikou 共とも
Qionghai 共とも
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 同どう, 同どう埋うめ
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 跟, 邀
Wu Shanghai 脫だっ, 脫だつ仔こ, 得とく, 得とく仔こ, 搭, 搭仔, 交, 幫, 同どう, 跟
Shanghai (Songjiang) 搭
Shanghai (Chongming) 脫だっ
Suzhou 搭, 搭仔
Danyang 同どう, 跟
Hangzhou 同どう
Ningbo 搭, 搭仔
Wenzhou 伉
Jinhua 亨とおる, 跟
Xiang Changsha 跟
Loudi 跟
Shuangfeng 跟, 同どう

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (脫だっ):
  • → Vietnamese: thoát (脫だっ)

Others:

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 脫だっ
Reading # 1/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tuō
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dwajH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*lˁot-s/
English easy, leisurely

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

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脫だっ

  1. Used in 脫だつ脫だっ／脱だつ脱だっ (“carefree”).
  2. Alternative form of 蛻もぬけ／蜕 (“(of skin) cast off”)
  3. a surname

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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脫だっ

  1. (Hokkien) to slip out of place
    枕頭ちんとう脫だっ去さ。／枕まくら头脱だっ去さ。 [Hokkien]  ―  Chím-thâu thoah khì. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  The pillow slipped out of place.
  2. (Mainland China Hokkien) to misstep

Compounds

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Etymology 4

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For pronunciation and definitions of 脫だっ – see 挩 (“(Hokkien) to zip (zippers open or close)”).
(This character is a variant form of 挩).

References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

脱だっ

Kyūjitai

脫だっ

Kanji

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脫だっ

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 脱だっ)

  1. take off, remove
  2. escape, get away

Readings

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Usage notes

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This form is extremely rare in Japanese. The current form of 脱だっ has seen some use before 1946.

Further reading

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Korean

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Hanja

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脫だっ • (tal, tae) (hangeul 탈, 태, McCune–Reischauer t'al, t'ae, Yale thal, thay)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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脫だっ: Hán Nôm readings: thoát

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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