跟
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Translingual
[edit]| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Han character
[edit]跟 (Kangxi radical 157,
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1224, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37491
- Dae Jaweon: page 1696, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3706, character 14
- Unihan data for U+8DDF
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 艱 | *krɯːn |
| 齦 | *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn |
| *ŋrɯːnʔ | |
| 蛝 | *ɡrɯːn |
| *ɡrɯːnʔ | |
| 硍 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 豤 | *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn |
| 詪 | *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns |
| *kɯːn | |
| 跟 | *kɯːn |
| 珢 | *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn |
| *kɯːns | |
| 茛 | *kɯːns |
| 墾 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| *kʰɯːnʔ | |
| 垠 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn |
| 泿 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn |
| *ɡɯːn | |
| 拫 | *ɡɯːn |
| 鞎 | *ɡɯːn |
| 很 | *ɡɯːnʔ |
| 恨 | *ɡɯːns |
| *ŋrɯn | |
| 檭 | *ŋrɯn |
Phono-semantic compound (
Etymology 1
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
跟 | |
|---|---|---|
Cognate with
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gen1
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): gien1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): geng1
- Northern Min (KCR): gáing
- Eastern Min (BUC): gĕng / gṳ̆ng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1ken
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gen1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gen
- Wade–Giles: kên1
- Yale: gēn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gen
- Palladius: гэнь (gɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kən⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: gen1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gen
- Sinological IPA (key): /kən⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gan1
- Yale: gān
- Cantonese Pinyin: gan1
- Guangdong Romanization: gen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɐn⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: gin1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kin³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: gien1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiɛn⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiên
- Hakka Romanization System: gien´
- Hagfa Pinyim: gian1
- Sinological IPA: /ki̯en²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: geng1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /kə̃ŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gáing
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaiŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gĕng / gṳ̆ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɛiŋ⁵⁵/, /kyŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- gĕng - “heel”;
- gṳ̆ng - “to follow”.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kun
- Tâi-lô: kun
- Phofsit Daibuun: kwn
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kun⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kun³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kin
- Tâi-lô: kin
- Phofsit Daibuun: kyn
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /kin⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: geng1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kṳng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɯŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: gen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kən³³/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | 跟 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /kən⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin | /kən⁴⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /kən²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /kẽ²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /kə̃²¹³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /kən²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /kẽ²¹/ | |
| Xining | /kə̃⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /kəŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Lanzhou | /kə̃n³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /kɤŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Wuhan | /kən⁵⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /kən⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /ken⁵⁵/ | |
| Kunming | /kə̃⁴⁴/ | |
| Nanjing | /kən³¹/ | |
| Hefei | /kən²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /kəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /kəŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /kə̃ŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /kəŋ⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /kən⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ken³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /kaŋ³³/ /ky³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /kʌ̃³¹/ |
| Tunxi | /kɛ¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /kən³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /kən³³/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /kiɛn⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ken⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | ||
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kɐn⁵³/ |
| Nanning | /kɐn⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /kɐn⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kun⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kyŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kaiŋ⁵⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /kɯŋ³³/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /kin²³/ |
- Middle Chinese: kon
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kɯːn/
Definitions
[edit]跟
- heel (of a foot, a shoe or a sock)
- to follow
- (of a woman) to marry
- with (together)
- as (in comparisons)
- to; with
- and (joining nouns)
- (dialectal Mandarin) at
- (Cantonese) to follow; to abide
- (Waxiang) to act for someone
- (Waxiang) Used to introduce the direct object of a verb.
- 跟
履 端 來 ！／跟履 端 来 ！ [Waxiang] ― [kai⁵⁵ li²⁵ to⁵⁵ zɤ¹³] [IPA] ― Bring the shoes over here! - 跟
門 閉下 。／跟门闭下 。 [Waxiang] ― [kai⁵⁵ mai⁵⁵ pi³³ ka³³] [IPA] ― Close the door.
- From: 2010,
向 光 训 (Xiang Guangxun), 《婚礼 》, in伍 云 姬 (Wu Yunji), 沈瑞清 (Shen Ruiqing), 《湘西古 丈 瓦 乡话调查报告》, Shanghai: Shanghai Educational Publishing House, →ISBN, page 257 - [tɕ͡iɛ⁴¹ tau³³ i⁴¹ xəɯ²⁵ iəɯ²⁵ kai⁵⁵ ɳiəɯ²⁵⁻¹³ ts͡a tʰau⁵⁵ sau³³ tau³³ vɤŋ¹³ la²⁵ kʰəɯ³³] [IPA]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
接 到 以後 ，又 跟女子 通 送 到 房 裡 去 。 [Waxiang, trad.]接 到 以后，又 跟女子 通 送 到 房 里 去 。 [Waxiang, simp.]- From: 2010,
- 跟
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 跟 (“to follow”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 跟, 跟隨, 跟從 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 跟 |
| Taiwan | 跟 | |
| Singapore | 跟 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 跟 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 跟 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 跟 |
| Wuhan | 跟 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 跟 |
| Hefei | 跟 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 跟 |
| Hong Kong | 跟 | |
| Yangjiang | 跟 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 跟 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 跟 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 跈, 跟 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 跈 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 跈 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 跈 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 跈 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 跈 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 跈 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 跟, |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 跟 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 跟, 跇 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | |
| Quanzhou | ||
| Shishi | ||
| Zhangzhou | ||
| Taipei | ||
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | ||
| Kaohsiung | ||
| Yilan | ||
| Changhua (Lukang) | ||
| Taichung | ||
| Tainan | ||
| Hsinchu | ||
| Kinmen | ||
| Penghu (Magong) | ||
| Penang (Hokkien) | ||
| Singapore (Hokkien) | ||
| Manila (Hokkien) | ||
| Chaozhou | ||
| Singapore (Teochew) | ||
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 跟 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 跟 |
| Wenzhou | 跟 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 跟 |
| Shuangfeng | 跟 | |
See also
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 劈腳跟／劈脚跟
年 跟腳／年 跟脚後 跟／后 跟 (hòugēn)- 拿跟
- 摔跟
頭 ／摔跟头 - 栽跟
頭 ／栽跟头 沒後 跟／没 后 跟番 張 跟斗相 跟砌 跟穿 跟斗立 定 腳跟／立 定 脚 跟- 站穩腳跟／站稳
脚 跟 - 緊跟／紧跟 (jǐngēn)
翻 跟斗翻 跟頭／翻 跟头 (fān gēntou)耳 跟廂／耳 跟厢- 腳後跟／
脚 后 跟 (jiǎohòugēn) - 腳跟／
脚 跟 (jiǎogēn) - 腳跟
大事 ／脚 跟大事 足 跟 (zúgēn)- 跟丁
- 跟上 (gēnshàng)
- 跟不
上 (gēnbùshàng) - 跟了
人 - 跟人
- 跟伴
- 跟住
- 跟兔
- 跟兒／跟儿
- 跟前
- 跟前
人 - 跟勁／跟劲
- 跟包
- 跟即
- 跟問／跟问
- 跟夫
- 跟婆
- 跟子
- 跟官
- 跟定 (gēndìng)
- 跟尋／跟寻
- 跟局
- 跟尾
兒 ／跟尾儿 - 跟屁
精 - 跟屁
股 - 跟屁
蟲 ／跟屁虫 (gēnpìchóng) - 跟履
- 跟差
- 跟底
- 跟役 (gēnyì)
- 跟從／跟从 (gēncóng)
- 跟房
- 跟手 (gēnshǒu)
- 跟挂
- 跟捕
- 跟斗
- 跟斗
翻 - 跟斗
蟲 - 跟會／跟会
- 跟止
- 跟步
- 跟班 (gēnbān)
- 跟監／跟监
- 跟着 (gēnzhe)
- 跟究
- 跟絓／跟𮉤
- 跟緝／跟缉
- 跟聲／跟声
- 跟肘
- 跟胥
- 跟脛／跟胫
- 跟腳／跟脚
- 跟腱 (gēnjiàn)
- 跟腳
裏 ／跟脚里 - 跟著／跟着 (gēnzhe)
- 跟衣
- 跟超
掖 夾／跟超掖 夹 - 跟趕／跟赶
- 跟足
- 跟趾
- 跟踵
- 跟蹤／跟踪 (gēnzōng)
- 跟蹠
- 跟車／跟车 (gēnchē)
- 跟進／跟进 (gēnjìn)
- 跟隨／跟随 (gēnsuí)
- 跟頭／跟头 (gēntou)
- 跟頭
戲 ／跟头戏 - 跟頭
蟲 ／跟头虫 (gēntouchóng) - 跟馬／跟马
- 跟骨 (gēngǔ)
- 躡跟／蹑跟
追 跟連 扯跟頭 ／连扯跟头靴 後 跟／靴 后 跟- 鞋跟 (xiégēn)
頭 痒 搔跟頭 癢搔跟／头痒搔跟高 跟 (gāogēn)高 跟鞋 (gāogēnxié)
Etymology 2
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
跟 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
[edit]- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tè
- Tâi-lô: tè
- Phofsit Daibuun: dex
- IPA (Taipei): /te¹¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /te²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Hsinchu, Kinmen)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tòe
- Tâi-lô: tuè
- Phofsit Daibuun: doex
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Singapore): /tue²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: duê3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tuè
- Sinological IPA (key): /tue²¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Magong)
Definitions
[edit]跟
- (Southern Min) Alternative form of
綴 ／缀 (“to follow”)
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]跟
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]跟 • (geun) (hangeul 근, revised geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]跟: Hán Nôm readings: cân, ngấn, ngân
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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